Clidinium bromide + Chlordiazepoxide Pharmacology

Clidinium bromide + Chlordiazepoxide

About Clidinium bromide + Chlordiazepoxide
It is a combination of anti-anxiety Chlordiazepoxide and antspasmodic Clidinium bromide. The combination is used to relax the digestive system and to reduce the acidity of stomach.
1.Peptic ulcer (Adjunctive therapy)
2.Irritable bowel syndrome
3.Acute enterocolitis
Mechanism of Action of Clidinium bromide + Chlordiazepoxide
N/A
Pharmacokinets of Clidinium bromide + Chlordiazepoxide
N/A
Onset of Action for Clidinium bromide + Chlordiazepoxide
N/A
Duration of Action for Clidinium bromide + Chlordiazepoxide
N/A
Half Life of Clidinium bromide + Chlordiazepoxide
N/A
Side Effects of Clidinium bromide + Chlordiazepoxide
N/A
Contra-indications of Clidinium bromide + Chlordiazepoxide
N/A
Special Precautions while taking Clidinium bromide + Chlordiazepoxide
N/A
Pregnancy Related Information
Contraindicated
Old Age Related Information
N/A
Breast Feeding Related Information
Contraindicated
Children Related Information
N/A
Indications for Clidinium bromide + Chlordiazepoxide
N/A
Interactions for Clidinium bromide + Chlordiazepoxide
N/A
Typical Dosage for Clidinium bromide + Chlordiazepoxide
Adult: Maintenance dose is 1 - 2 capsules 3 or 4 times a day administered before meals and at bedtime.
Schedule of Clidinium bromide + Chlordiazepoxide
N/A
Storage Requirements for Clidinium bromide + Chlordiazepoxide
N/A
Effects of Missed Dosage of Clidinium bromide + Chlordiazepoxide
N/A
Effects of Overdose of Clidinium bromide + Chlordiazepoxide
N/A

Clidinium Bromide

About Clidinium Bromide
It is a quaternary ammonium compound with anticholingeric properties, Antispasmodics (Systemic).
Mechanism of Action of Clidinium Bromide
Clidinium bromide is an anticholinergic drug. It exerts its action by inhibiting muscarinic cholinergic receptors on smooth muscles, cardiac muscles and prevents the effect of Acetylcholine. Inhibition of Acetylcholine produces relaxation of smooth muscles and prevents the muscle spasm in irritable bowel syndrome.
Pharmacokinets of Clidinium Bromide
Absorption: Clidinium bromide is poorly absorbed about (10 - 25 %) after oral administration.
Distribution:It does not penetrate CNS and eye.
Metabolism: It is extensively metabolised in the small intestine (by hydrolysis) and in the liver to inactive metabolites.
Excretion: Drug and its metabolites are excreted mainly in the urine.
Onset of Action for Clidinium Bromide
60 minute
Duration of Action for Clidinium Bromide
3 hours
Half Life of Clidinium Bromide
N/A
Side Effects of Clidinium Bromide
1.Dry mouth
2.Nausea
3.Vomiting
4.Constipation
5.Muscle weakness
6.Blurred vision
7.Drowsines
Contra-indications of Clidinium Bromide
1.Hypersensitivity to Clidinium bromide and other anticholinergic drugs
2.Narrow angle glaucoma
3.Obstructive gastro intestinal tract
4.Bladder neck obstruction
5.Prostatic hypertrophy
Special Precautions while taking Clidinium Bromide
1.Renal impairment
2.Hepatic impairment
3.Cardiovascular diseases- Hypertension
4.Use caution while performing driving or performing other works requiring mental alertness
Pregnancy Related Information
Contraindicated
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution.
Breast Feeding Related Information
Contraindicated
Children Related Information
Contraindicated
NEONATES: contraindicated
Indications for Clidinium Bromide
1.Peptic ulcer
2.Gastritis
3.Irritable bowel syndrome
4.Nervous dyspepsia
Interactions for Clidinium Bromide
Amantadine : Increase in anticholingeric side effects.
Atenolol, Digoxin: Efficacy of atenolol and digoxin enhanced .
Phenothiazines : Decreases antipsychotic activity, and increases anticholingeric activity.
TCAs: Increased anticholinergic side effects ( Dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention)
Typical Dosage for Clidinium Bromide
Adult: 2.5 - 5 mg 3 - 4 times daily before meals and at bed time.
Children: not recommended.
Schedule of Clidinium Bromide
H
Storage Requirements for Clidinium Bromide
Store at below 30 degree C in a tightly closed container. Protect from moisture and sunlight.
Keep out of the reach of children
Effects of Missed Dosage of Clidinium Bromide
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Clidinium Bromide
Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment. Drug can be removed from the body by gastric lavage or inducing emesis. Absorption of the drug can be reduced by administration of activated charcoal.

Chlordiazepoxide

About Chlordiazepoxide
Benzodiazepine derivative, Sedative /hypnotic, Antianxiety and skeletal muscle relaxant.
Mechanism of Action of Chlordiazepoxide
Chlordiazepoxide mainly acts on Limbic system and ascending reticular formation in the CNS. It binds to the BZD receptor. The binding will facilitates GABA mediated chloride channel opening and produce hyperpolarisation. This will increase the concentration of inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA and chloride ions in the CNS and decreases firing rate of neurons. This in turn alters normal excitatory functions of the body.
Pharmacokinets of Chlordiazepoxide
Absorption: It is absorbed after oral administration. Distribution: It is distributed widely in the body. Metabolism: It is metabolised to active metabolite in the liver. Excretion: Most metabolites are excreted through urine
Onset of Action for Chlordiazepoxide
1 - 2 hour
Duration of Action for Chlordiazepoxide
12 - 24 hour
Half Life of Chlordiazepoxide
5 - 30 hour
Side Effects of Chlordiazepoxide
1.Ataxia
2.Drowsiness
3.Lethargy
4.Hallucination
5.Nausea
6.Constipation
7.Amnesia
8.Dependence
9.Pain at the site of injection
10.Confusion
11.Depression
12.Mood changes
Contra-indications of Chlordiazepoxide
Hypersensitivity to Benzodiazepines
Special Precautions while taking Chlordiazepoxide
1.Renal impairment
2.Hepatic impairment
3.Myasthenia gravis
4.Respiratory disease
5.Jaundice
6.Use caution while driving vehicles, operating machines or other dangerous activities
Pregnancy Related Information
Contraindicated.
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution
Breast Feeding Related Information
Contraindicated.
Children Related Information
Use with caution
children < 6 years: contraindicated
NEONATES- contraindicated
Indications for Chlordiazepoxide
1. Anxiety
2.Treatment of alcohol withdrawal symptom
3. Insomnia
4. Pre and post operative apprehension
Interactions for Chlordiazepoxide
Alcohol & Other CNS Depressants: Enhanced CNS effects.
Aminophylline: Antagonizes the sedative effect.
Cimetidine, Oral contraceptives, Disulfiram, Fluoxetine, Isoniazid, Ketoconazole, Metoprolol, Propoxyphene, Propranolol.
Valproic acid: Elimination of chlordiazepoxide decreased due to inhibition of hepatic metabolism leading to enhanced activity.
Digoxin: Increase in serum concentration of Digoxin.
Imipramine & Desipramine: Enhanced activity of these drugs.
Levodopa : Decrease in antiparkinsonism efficacy.
Morphine, Pethidine, Atropine and Magnesium trisilicate: Absorption of chlordiazepoxide is impaired.
Probenecid: May cause rapid onset or prolonged effect.
Rifampicin: Decreases efficacy.
Typical Dosage for Chlordiazepoxide
Adults: 5 - 10 mg 3 - 4 times daily
Severe anxiety: 20 - 25 mg 3 - 4 times daily
Treatment of alcohol withdrawal symptom: 25 - 100 mg daily; Depending on the patient`s condition dose can be reduced after 2 - 3 weeks
Pre and post operative apprehension: 5 - 10 mg 3 - 4 times daily; the drug should be given one day before surgery in pre operative apprehension
Children: 5mg 3 - 4 times daily.
Schedule of Chlordiazepoxide
H
Storage Requirements for Chlordiazepoxide
Store at temperature 15 - 30 degree C.Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Chlordiazepoxide
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose.
Effects of Overdose of Chlordiazepoxide
Give support and symptomatic treatment. Induce emesis or gastric lavage has to be done followed by charcoal administration. Flumazenil can be given as antagonist.

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