Ethamsylate + Tranexamic acid Pharmacology

Ethamsylate + Tranexamic acid

About Ethamsylate + Tranexamic acid
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Mechanism of Action of Ethamsylate + Tranexamic acid
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Pharmacokinets of Ethamsylate + Tranexamic acid
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Onset of Action for Ethamsylate + Tranexamic acid
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Duration of Action for Ethamsylate + Tranexamic acid
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Half Life of Ethamsylate + Tranexamic acid
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Side Effects of Ethamsylate + Tranexamic acid
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Contra-indications of Ethamsylate + Tranexamic acid
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Special Precautions while taking Ethamsylate + Tranexamic acid
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Pregnancy Related Information
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Old Age Related Information
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Breast Feeding Related Information
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Children Related Information
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Indications for Ethamsylate + Tranexamic acid
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Interactions for Ethamsylate + Tranexamic acid
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Typical Dosage for Ethamsylate + Tranexamic acid
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Schedule of Ethamsylate + Tranexamic acid
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Storage Requirements for Ethamsylate + Tranexamic acid
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Effects of Missed Dosage of Ethamsylate + Tranexamic acid
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Effects of Overdose of Ethamsylate + Tranexamic acid
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Ethamsylate

About Ethamsylate
Benzenesulfonate derivative, Systemic haemostatic.
Mechanism of Action of Ethamsylate
It exerts haemostatic action by acting on the first step of haemostasis by improving platelet adhesiveness and restoring capillary resistance. It decreases bleeding time and increases platelet aggregation. It reduces capillary bleeding when platelets are adequate. The drug exerts antihyaluronidase action and improves capillary wall stability. It inhibits PGI-2 synthesis and correct abnormal platelet function.
Pharmacokinets of Ethamsylate
Absorption: Well absorbed orally.
Distribution: Distributed in a protein bound form.
Excretion: Excreted through urine as unchanged drug.
Onset of Action for Ethamsylate
N/A
Duration of Action for Ethamsylate
3 days
Half Life of Ethamsylate
8 hours.
Side Effects of Ethamsylate
1. Headache
2. Nausea
3. Rash
4. Fall in BP(only after I.V. administration)

Contra-indications of Ethamsylate
1. Hypersensitivity to the drug
2. Porphyria
3. Haemophilia
4. Thrombocytopenic purpura


Special Precautions while taking Ethamsylate
H
Pregnancy Related Information
Contraindicated
Old Age Related Information
May be used
Breast Feeding Related Information
Contraindicated
Children Related Information
Use with caution
Indications for Ethamsylate
Used for prevention of haemorrhage in various conditions like :-
1. Menorrhagia
2. Metrorrhagia
3. After abortion
4. Post partum haemorrhage
5. Epistaxis
6. Melena
7. Haematuria
8. After tooth extraction
9. Surgical procedures
10. Haematemesis
11. Haemoptysis

Interactions for Ethamsylate
No known interaction.
Typical Dosage for Ethamsylate
Dosage:
Oral:
250 mg twice daily to 500mg thrice daily until bleeding stops.
In menorrhagia and metrorrhagia: 250mg 8th hourly. Increases the dosage to 500mg 8th hourly if required depending up on the condition of the disease.
In persistent menorrhagia take 0.5g 8th hourly starting form 5days before menstruation and continued up to 5 days after menstruation.
Children: Half of adult dose.

Parenteral:
250mg to 500mg I.V. or I.M.
Take 1 hour before the procedure during Preoperative indications, repeat the dosage if required during the surgery and in post operative indications take the same dose and repeat 4 to 6 times daily until bleeding stops. In emergency situations also repeat the dosage 4 to 6 times daily until bleeding stops.
Children: Half of adult dose.
Neonates: 10mg/kg intramuscularly within two hours after birth and repeat at 4 to 6 times daily until bleeding stops.

Schedule of Ethamsylate
H
Storage Requirements for Ethamsylate
Store in a cool dry place and protects from direct heat and light.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Ethamsylate
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose.Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Ethamsylate
Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment.

Tranexamic Acid

About Tranexamic Acid
Lysine Analog, Hemostatic, competitive plasminogen activationinhibitor, Antifibrinolytic,Antihemophilic.
Mechanism of Action of Tranexamic Acid
Tranexamic acid exerts antifibrinolytic effect by forming a reversible complex with plasminogen through the lysine binding site of fibrin and thus displaces the plasminogen from the fibrin surface ; preventing the binding of plasmin to fibrinogen or fibrin monomers. It inhibits the activation of plasminogen (i.e. formation of plasmin). It also acts as a weak non competitive inhibitor of plasmin and blocks it`s action on fibrin.
Pharmacokinets of Tranexamic Acid
Absorption: About 40% is absorbed orally. Distribution: Widely distributed in the body. Excretion: Excreted mainly as unchanged drug.
Onset of Action for Tranexamic Acid
N/A
Duration of Action for Tranexamic Acid
N/A
Half Life of Tranexamic Acid
2 hours
Side Effects of Tranexamic Acid
1.Nausea
2.Diarrhoea
3.Gastrointestinal problems
4.Headache
5.Hypotension
6.Giddiness
7.Thrombophlebitis at injected vein
8.Impairment of Colour vision

Contra-indications of Tranexamic Acid
1.Thromboembolic disorders
2.Subarachnoid haemorrhage
3.Massive upper urinary tract haemorrhage
4.Colour vision disorders
5.Thrombophlebitis
6.Hepatic impairment
7.Severe renal impairment

Special Precautions while taking Tranexamic Acid
1.Avoid rapid I.V. administration
2.Lower dosage adjustment is required in renal impairment
3.Monitor liver functioning during long term use
Pregnancy Related Information
Contraindicated
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution
Breast Feeding Related Information
Use with caution
Children Related Information
N/A
Indications for Tranexamic Acid
1.Surgical procedures
2.Menorrhagia
3. Metrorrhagia
4.Post partum haemorrhage
5.Haemorrhage after abortion
6.Haemorrhage due to contraceptive device insertion
7.Tooth extractions and haemorrhage in other dental procedures
8.Epistaxis
9.Haemoptysis
10.Gastrointestinal bleeding
11.Prostatectomy
12.Tonsillectomy
13.Fibrinolysis
14.Ocular trauma
15.Orthopedic surgery
16.Cardiovascular surgery

Interactions for Tranexamic Acid
N/A
Typical Dosage for Tranexamic Acid
Oral: 3 to 4gm/day in 3 to 4 divided doses or 15 to 25mg/kg body wt. 3 to 4 times daily.
I.V.: 1.5 to 3gm/day in 3 divided doses or 10 to 15mg/kg body wt. 3 times daily. Administered as slow I.V. injection or as continuous infusion; at a rate of 25 to 50mg/kg/day.

Schedule of Tranexamic Acid
N/A
Storage Requirements for Tranexamic Acid
Store below 25 degree C. and protects from light. Keep out of reach of children.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Tranexamic Acid
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Tranexamic Acid
Treatment is supportive and symptomatic. Remove drug from the body by induced emesis, gastric lavage and administer activated charcoal to reduce absorption. Maintain adequate diuresis with the aid of fluids and diuretics.

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