Terbutaline + Etophylline + Bromhexine Pharmacology

Terbutaline + Etophylline + Bromhexine

About Terbutaline + Etophylline + Bromhexine
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Mechanism of Action of Terbutaline + Etophylline + Bromhexine
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Pharmacokinets of Terbutaline + Etophylline + Bromhexine
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Onset of Action for Terbutaline + Etophylline + Bromhexine
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Duration of Action for Terbutaline + Etophylline + Bromhexine
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Half Life of Terbutaline + Etophylline + Bromhexine
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Side Effects of Terbutaline + Etophylline + Bromhexine
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Contra-indications of Terbutaline + Etophylline + Bromhexine
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Special Precautions while taking Terbutaline + Etophylline + Bromhexine
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Pregnancy Related Information
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Old Age Related Information
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Breast Feeding Related Information
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Children Related Information
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Indications for Terbutaline + Etophylline + Bromhexine
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Interactions for Terbutaline + Etophylline + Bromhexine
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Typical Dosage for Terbutaline + Etophylline + Bromhexine
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Schedule of Terbutaline + Etophylline + Bromhexine
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Storage Requirements for Terbutaline + Etophylline + Bromhexine
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Effects of Missed Dosage of Terbutaline + Etophylline + Bromhexine
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Effects of Overdose of Terbutaline + Etophylline + Bromhexine
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Terbutaline

About Terbutaline
A ?2-adrenergic agonist,a fast-acting bronchodilator, Tocolytic,Anti asthma.
Mechanism of Action of Terbutaline
Terbutaline is a ?2 receptor agonist. Terbutaline directly relaxes the airway smooth muscles and produces bronchodilation. Stimulation of ?2 receptors activates Gs adenylyl-cyclase -cyclic AMP path way and produces reduction in smooth muscle tone. ?2 receptor agonists also increases the conductance of large Ca2+sensitive K+ channels in airway smooth muscles and leads to membrane hyperpolarisation and relaxation of smooth muscles.
Tocolytic action: In premature labour Terbutaline relaxes uterine smooth muscles and inhibits uterine contractions.

Pharmacokinets of Terbutaline
Absorption: It is partially absorbed (about 33- 50%) after oral administration
Distribution: It is widely distributed in the body.
Metabolism: It is partially metabolised in the liver to inactive compounds.
Excretion: Drug and its metabolites are excreted mainly in urine.

Onset of Action for Terbutaline
30 minutes (oral), 15 minutes (subcutaneous), 5-30 minutes (inhalation)
Duration of Action for Terbutaline
4- 8 hours (oral), 1.5-4 hours (subcutaneous), 3- 6 hours (inhalation).
Half Life of Terbutaline
N/A
Side Effects of Terbutaline
1. Drowsiness
2. Headache
3. Dizziness
4. Nervousness
5. Tremor
6. Weakness
7. Palpitations
8. Tachycardia
9. Arrhythmia
10. Vomiting
11. Nausea
12. Heartburn
13. Diaphoresis
14. Dry and irritated nose (inhalation)
15. Hypokalaemia (high dose)
Contra-indications of Terbutaline
1. Hypersensitivity to Terbutaline and other sympathomimetic amines.
Special Precautions while taking Terbutaline
1. Myocardial insufficiency
2. Arrhythmia
3. Hypertension
4. Hyperthyroidism
5. Epilepsy
6. Diabetes
Pregnancy Related Information
Use with caution.
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution.
Breast Feeding Related Information
Use with caution.
Children Related Information
Use with caution
CHILDREN Below 12 years : contraindicated
NEONATES: contraindicated
Indications for Terbutaline
1. Obstructive airway diseases
2. Acute Bronchospasm
3. Status asthmaticus
4. Premature labour
Interactions for Terbutaline
Other Sympathomimetic bronchodilators or epinephrine: Combined effect on the cardiovascular system may be deleterious to the patient.
MAOIs and TCAs: Effect of terbutaline on vascular system may be potentiated.
Beta-adrenergic blocking agents: Block the pulmonary effect of terbutaline and may produce severe asthmatic attacks in asthmatic patients.
Beclomethasone, Theophylline: Synergy when used with these agents.
Food: Reduces bioavailability of terbutaline.
Typical Dosage for Terbutaline
Adult:
Oral: Initial dose: 7.5 mg / day in 3 divided doses, if needed dose can be increased to 15mg /day in 3 divided doses.
Subcutaneous /Intramuscular/slow IV infusion: 250 - 500mcg 3 - 4 times daily
Aerosol inhalation: 250 - 500mcg every 6 - 8 hours
Nebulised solution inhalation: 5 - 10 mg every 6 - 12 hours.
Children:
Oral: Initial dose: 2.5 mg in 2-3 times daily
Subcutaneous /Intramuscular/slow IV infusion: 10mcg /kg body weight dose can be increased to 300 mcg / day
Aerosol inhalation: 250 - 500mcg every 6 - 8 hours
Nebulised solution inhalation: 2 - 5 mg every 6 - 12 hours.
Premature labor (IV): Initial dose: 10mcg/minute and dose can be repeated until effective therapeutic response is obtained. Maximum dose: 80mcg/minute. Maintenance dose (IV dosage): Minimum effective dose for 4 hours.

Schedule of Terbutaline
H
Storage Requirements for Terbutaline
Store at 15 - 30 degree C. Protect from heat and light.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Terbutaline
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Terbutaline
Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment. Drug can be removed from the body by gastric lavage or by inducing emesis. Absorption of drug can be reduced by administration of activated charcoal.

Etophylline

About Etophylline
Purine (Xanthine )derivative:Theophylline analogs & derivatives, Bronchodilator Agents ,Antiasthmatic.
Mechanism of Action of Etophylline
Etophylline is the ethyl salt of Theophylline.It inhibit phosphodiesterase enzyme which degrades cyclic nucleotides intracellularly and it results the cyclic AMP accumulation in the cell. This cause bronchodialatation, cardiac stimulation and vasodilatation. This drug release calcium from sarcoplasmic reticulam, especially in cardiac muscles and results increased cardiac muscle contraction. This drug also blocks adenosine receptors (adenosine acts as a local mediator in CNS & CVS and other organs- which contracts smooth muscles, especially in bronchi, blood vessels etc). This results bronchodialatation and vasodialatation.
Pharmacokinets of Etophylline
Absorption- Well absorbed after oral administration. Rapidly and well absorbed after intravenous administration
Distribution- Widely distributed in the body. 40% bound to the plasma proteins.
Metabolism- Metabolized in the liver to its metabolites by demethylation and oxidation. 1-methyluric acid is its metabolite
Excretion- Excreted through urine
Onset of Action for Etophylline
15 to 60 min. after oral administration and 15 minutes after intravenous administration
Duration of Action for Etophylline
N/A
Half Life of Etophylline
Its plasma half life is 8 hrs
Side Effects of Etophylline
1. Upset stomach
2. Stomach pain
3. Diarrhea
4. Headache
5. Restlessness
6. Insomnia
7. Irritability
8. Vomiting
9. Increased or rapid heart rate
10. Irregular heartbeat
11. Seizures
12. Skin rash
Contra-indications of Etophylline
1. Hypersensitivity to the drug
2. Peptic ulcer
3. Underlying seizure disorders
Special Precautions while taking Etophylline
1.Heart disease
2.Liver disease
3.Peptic ulcer
Pregnancy Related Information
Use with caution
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution
Breast Feeding Related Information
Use with caution
Children Related Information
N/A
Indications for Etophylline
1. Asthma
2. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
3. Chronic bronchitis
4. Emphysema
5. It can be used in premature infants who stop breathing
Interactions for Etophylline
N/A
Typical Dosage for Etophylline
Up to 1.5 g / day
Schedule of Etophylline
N/A
Storage Requirements for Etophylline
N/A
Effects of Missed Dosage of Etophylline
N/A
Effects of Overdose of Etophylline
N/A

Bromhexine

About Bromhexine
Mucolytic (secretolytic)
Mechanism of Action of Bromhexine
Bromhexine hydrochloride acts as a mucokinetic and mucolytic agent. It decreases mucus viscosity by altering its structure. It depolymerises mucopolysaccharides directly as well as by liberating lysosomal enzymes and network of fibres in tenacious sputum is broken. It induces thin copious bronchial secretion.
Pharmacokinets of Bromhexine
Absorption: Bromhexine hydrochloride is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and bioavailability is about 20%. Distribution: It is widely distributed to body tissues in a highly protein bound form; Bromhexine crosses the blood brain barrier and small amounts cross the placenta, Metabolism: It undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver. Excretion: It is excreted primarily in the urine mainly as metabolites.
Onset of Action for Bromhexine
N/A
Duration of Action for Bromhexine
N/A
Half Life of Bromhexine
12hours.
Side Effects of Bromhexine
1 Rhinorrhoea
2 Lacrimations
3.Allergic reactions
4.Gastric irritation.
Contra-indications of Bromhexine
Hypersensitivity to the drug.
Special Precautions while taking Bromhexine
1. Hepatic impairment
2. Renal impairment
3. Gastric and duodenal ulcer
4. Convulsive disorders
Pregnancy Related Information
Contraindicated
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution
Breast Feeding Related Information
Contraindicated
Children Related Information
Use with caution
Indications for Bromhexine
1. As Expectorant and mucolytic
2. Conditions associated with production of viscid mucous
3. Bronchitis
4. Pharyngitis
5. Laryngitis
6. Rhinitis
7. Sinusitis
8. Asthmatic bronchitis
9. Mucous bronchiectasis
10.Chronic Pneumonia.
Interactions for Bromhexine
N/A
Typical Dosage for Bromhexine
Oral: 8mg thrice daily.
Children (5 to 10 years): 4mg thrice daily
Children (1 to 5 years): 4mg twice daily.
Schedule of Bromhexine
H
Storage Requirements for Bromhexine
Store in a cool dry place and protect from light. Keep out of reach of children.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Bromhexine
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Bromhexine
Provide symptomatic treatment and supportive measures.

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Terbutaline + Etophylline + Bromhexine is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for terbutaline + etophylline + bromhexine might be better known than terbutaline + etophylline + bromhexine itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have terbutaline + etophylline + bromhexine in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for terbutaline + etophylline + bromhexine.