Theophylline + Salbutamol Pharmacology

Theophylline + Salbutamol

About Theophylline + Salbutamol
N/A
Mechanism of Action of Theophylline + Salbutamol
N/A
Pharmacokinets of Theophylline + Salbutamol
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Onset of Action for Theophylline + Salbutamol
N/A
Duration of Action for Theophylline + Salbutamol
N/A
Half Life of Theophylline + Salbutamol
N/A
Side Effects of Theophylline + Salbutamol
N/A
Contra-indications of Theophylline + Salbutamol
N/A
Special Precautions while taking Theophylline + Salbutamol
N/A
Pregnancy Related Information
Use with caution
Old Age Related Information
N/A
Breast Feeding Related Information
Use with caution
Children Related Information
N/A
Indications for Theophylline + Salbutamol
Emphysema, Chronic bronchitis, Asthma
Interactions for Theophylline + Salbutamol
N/A
Typical Dosage for Theophylline + Salbutamol
Adult: Per tab contains salbutamol 2 mg and theophylline 100 mg: 1 or 2 tab 3-4 times dail
Child: Child (under 6 years) salbutamol (0.5-1mg) + theophylline (25-50mg) t.i.d/q.i.d, SR (S 4mg+T 300mg) 1 tab b.i.d.
Schedule of Theophylline + Salbutamol
N/A
Storage Requirements for Theophylline + Salbutamol
N/A
Effects of Missed Dosage of Theophylline + Salbutamol
N/A
Effects of Overdose of Theophylline + Salbutamol
N/A

Theophylline

About Theophylline
Bronchodilator, a methylxanthine derivative, Anti asthma, in COPD.
Mechanism of Action of Theophylline
It inhibit phosphodiesterase enzyme which degrades cyclic nucleotides intracellularly and it results the cyclic AMP accumulation in the cell. This cause bronchodialatation, cardiac stimulation and vasodilatation. This drug release calcium from sarcoplasmic reticulam, especially in cardiac muscles and results increased cardiac muscle contraction. This drug also blocks adenosine receptors (adenosine acts as a local mediator in CNS & CVS and other organs- which contracts smooth muscles, especially in bronchi, blood vessels etc). This results bronchodialatation and vasodialatation.
Pharmacokinets of Theophylline
Absorption- Well absorbed after oral administration. Rapidly and well absorbed after intravenous administration.
Distribution- Widely distributed in the body. 40% bound to the plasma proteins.
Metabolism- Metabolized in the liver by demethylation and oxidation. 1-methyluric acid is its metabolite.
Excretion- Excreted through urine.
Onset of Action for Theophylline
15 to 60 min. after oral administration and 15 minutes after intravenous administration.
Duration of Action for Theophylline
N/A
Half Life of Theophylline
Its plasma half life is 8 hrs
Side Effects of Theophylline
1. Upset stomach
2. Stomach pain
3. Diarrhea
4. Headache
5. Restlessness
6. Insomnia
7. Irritability
8. Vomiting
9. Increased or rapid heart rate
10. Irregular heartbeat
11. Seizures
12. Skin rash

Contra-indications of Theophylline
1. Hypersensitivity to the drug
2. Peptic ulcer
3. Underlying seizure disorders

Special Precautions while taking Theophylline
1. Cardiac disease
2. Hypertension
3. Hyperthyroidism
4. Hepatic impairment
5. Fever
Pregnancy Related Information
Use with caution
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution
Breast Feeding Related Information
Use with caution
Children Related Information
Use with caution
Indications for Theophylline
1. Asthma
2. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
3. Chronic bronchitis
4. Emphysema
5. It can be used in premature infants who stop breathing

Interactions for Theophylline
Benzodiazepines: Sedative effects may be antagonized.
Beta agonists: Additive effect.
Halothane: Catecholamine induced arrhythmias may occur.
Tetracyclines: Theophylline adverse reaction may be enhanced.
Food: Theophylline elimination is increased by a low carbohydrate, high protein diet.
Typical Dosage for Theophylline
Adults:
Long term management of chronic bronchospasm: 300 to 1000 mg daily in divided doses in every 6 to 8 hrs or 175 to 500 mg every 12 hrs for modified release preparations.
Bronchospasm-
Adults-
5mg/kg body weight every 6 to 8 hrs.
Children- 5 mg/kg every 4 to 6 hrs.

Neonatal apnoea of prematurity-
Child-
More than 24days - 5mg/kg as maintenance dose and 1.5mg/kg every 12 hrs as loading dose.
Less than 24 days- 1mg/kg every 12 hrs.
Intravenous- Management of severe bronchospasm-
Adult- 4 to 5 mg/kg as loading dose over 20 to 30 minutes.
0.4 mg/kg/hr as maintenance dose.
Children- 4 to 5 mg/kg as loading dose over 20 to 30 minutes.
0.8mg/kg/hr as maintenance dose.

Schedule of Theophylline
N/A
Storage Requirements for Theophylline
Store it at room temperature and away from excess heat and moisture.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Theophylline
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Theophylline
Give symptomatic and supportive treatment. Induce emesis except in convulsive patient. Administer activated charcoal or cathartics to prevent further absorption of the drug.

Salbutamol

About Salbutamol
Beta2-Adrenergic Agonist, Phenethylamine derivative, Bronchodilator(Antiasthma), uterine relaxant.
Mechanism of Action of Salbutamol
Salbutamol is a short acting ?2 receptor agonist. It selectively stimulates ?2 receptors present in airway, Uterus, and Vascular Smooth muscles. It directly relaxes the airway smooth muscles and produces bronchodilation. Stimulation of ?2 receptors activates Gs adenylyl-cyclase -cyclic AMP path way and produces reduction in smooth muscle tone. ?2 receptor agonists also increases the conductance of large Ca2+sensitive K+ channels in airway smooth muscles and leads to membrane hyperpolarisation and relaxation of smooth muscles.
?2 receptor agonists also suppress the release of Leukotrienes and histamine from the mast cells in the lung tissue and enhance mucociliary function and decrease micro vascular permeability and also inhibits Phospholipase A2 which produces inhibition of prostaglandins production. Thus Salbutamol can inhibit the broncho-constriction produced by inflammatory mediators. Salbutamol is effective in the management of preterm labour.
Pharmacokinets of Salbutamol
Absorption: It is well absorbed after oral administration.
Distribution: Salbutamol does not cross the blood brain barrier.
Metabolism: It is metabolised to inactive metabolites in the liver
Excretion: Salbutamol is excreted primarily in the urine and small amount in the faeces.
Onset of Action for Salbutamol
15 - 30 minutes
Duration of Action for Salbutamol
6 - 12 hours
Half Life of Salbutamol
4 hours
Side Effects of Salbutamol
1. Drowsiness
2. Headache
3. Dizziness
4. Nervousness
5. Tremor
6. Weakness
7. Palpitations
8. Tachycardia
9. Arrhythmia
10. Vomiting
11. Nausea
12. Heartburn
13. Diaphoresis
14. Hypokalaemia (high dose)

Contra-indications of Salbutamol
1.Hypersensitivity to Salbutamol and other sympathomimetic amines.
Special Precautions while taking Salbutamol
1. Myocardial insufficiency
2. Arrhythmia
3. Hypertension
4. Hyperthyroidism
5. Epilepsy
6. Diabetes
Pregnancy Related Information
Use with caution.
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution.
Breast Feeding Related Information
Use with caution.
Children Related Information
Use with caution
Below 6 years: contraindicated
Indications for Salbutamol
1. Obstructive airway diseases
2. Acute Bronchospasm
3. Status asthmaticus
4. Premature labour
Interactions for Salbutamol
Beclomethasone, Theophylline: Enhances respiratory function.
Beta-blockers: Inhibit bronchodilator effect.
Diuretics and Xanthines: Increased risk of hypokalemia.
Digitalis: Increased risk of digitalis toxicity when salbutamol is given in hilgh doses due to hypokalaemia.
Typical Dosage for Salbutamol
Adult:
Oral:
Immediate release tablet: 2 - 4 mg every 6 - 8 hours daily, maximum dose 32mg / day
Sustained release tablets: 8 mg / day in 2 divided doses and if sufficient response does not obtained then dose can be gradually increased to 16mg / day in 2 divided doses
Children: 6 - 14 years
Syrup: 6 - 8mg / day in 3 - 4 divided doses and if needed dose can be increased maximum up to 24mg / day
Uterine Relaxant: (I.V) 4 to 32 mcg/minutes

Schedule of Salbutamol
H
Storage Requirements for Salbutamol
Store at 15 - 30 degree C. Protect from heat and light. Keep out of the reach of children
Effects of Missed Dosage of Salbutamol
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Salbutamol
Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment. Drug can be removed from the body by gastric lavage or by inducing emesis. Absorption of drug can be reduced by administration of activated charcoal.

Home Delivery for Theophylline + Salbutamol in Your City

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However, we do publish a comprehensive directory of Pharmacies, Chemists and Druggists in cities all over India. You can use this directory to find the medicine stores in your city (or area) that provide home delivery services for theophylline + salbutamol and other medicines and health products. Home delivery services for theophylline + salbutamol may be free or they may cost you depending on the pharmacy and the minimum order requirements. It would be best to get this clarified while placing the order.

Please be aware that you should take theophylline + salbutamol only if a doctor has recommended or prescribed it. Some or all pharmacies who provide a home delivery service for medicines might insist on a prescription for theophylline + salbutamol before they complete the sale. You can get this information while placing the order for theophylline + salbutamol with the pharmacy.

Theophylline + Salbutamol is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for theophylline + salbutamol might be better known than theophylline + salbutamol itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have theophylline + salbutamol in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for theophylline + salbutamol.