Calcium + Vitamin D3 + Magnesium + Copper + Manganese + Boron + Selenium + Chromium Pharmacology

Calcium + Vitamin D3 + Magnesium + Copper + Manganese + Boron + Selenium + Chromium

About Calcium + Vitamin D3 + Magnesium + Copper + Manganese + Boron + Selenium + Chromium

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Mechanism of Action of Calcium + Vitamin D3 + Magnesium + Copper + Manganese + Boron + Selenium + Chromium

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Pharmacokinets of Calcium + Vitamin D3 + Magnesium + Copper + Manganese + Boron + Selenium + Chromium

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Onset of Action for Calcium + Vitamin D3 + Magnesium + Copper + Manganese + Boron + Selenium + Chromium

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Duration of Action for Calcium + Vitamin D3 + Magnesium + Copper + Manganese + Boron + Selenium + Chromium

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Half Life of Calcium + Vitamin D3 + Magnesium + Copper + Manganese + Boron + Selenium + Chromium

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Side Effects of Calcium + Vitamin D3 + Magnesium + Copper + Manganese + Boron + Selenium + Chromium

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Contra-indications of Calcium + Vitamin D3 + Magnesium + Copper + Manganese + Boron + Selenium + Chromium

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Special Precautions while taking Calcium + Vitamin D3 + Magnesium + Copper + Manganese + Boron + Selenium + Chromium

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Pregnancy Related Information

Use with caution

Old Age Related Information

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Breast Feeding Related Information

Use with caution

Children Related Information

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Indications for Calcium + Vitamin D3 + Magnesium + Copper + Manganese + Boron + Selenium + Chromium

1.Calcium deficiency
2.Osteoporosis in males
3.Post-menopausal osteoporosis.
4.Rickets
5.Osteocalcaemia
6.Mineral supplement

Interactions for Calcium + Vitamin D3 + Magnesium + Copper + Manganese + Boron + Selenium + Chromium

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Typical Dosage for Calcium + Vitamin D3 + Magnesium + Copper + Manganese + Boron + Selenium + Chromium

Adult: 1 capsule / day and if needed dose can be increased by 1 capsule every 2 week

Schedule of Calcium + Vitamin D3 + Magnesium + Copper + Manganese + Boron + Selenium + Chromium

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Storage Requirements for Calcium + Vitamin D3 + Magnesium + Copper + Manganese + Boron + Selenium + Chromium

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Effects of Missed Dosage of Calcium + Vitamin D3 + Magnesium + Copper + Manganese + Boron + Selenium + Chromium

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Effects of Overdose of Calcium + Vitamin D3 + Magnesium + Copper + Manganese + Boron + Selenium + Chromium

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Calcium

About Calcium

Calcium is necessary for cardiac function, muscle contraction, nervous activity, coagulation of blood and for maintaining structural integrity of cell membranes.
Plasma concentration of calcium is kept in normal range by three endocrine factors which control metabolism of calcium. These are (a) Parathyroid hormone, (b) Calcitonin, (c) Vitamin D. Calcium in plasma is bound to albumin, is complexed with anions (e.g. phosphate) and as diffusible ionic calcium. The physiological effects are exerted by ionic calcium. The predominant source of calcium is dairy products and the daily intake varies from 200 - 2500 mg. Adequate calcium intake is particularly important during periods of bone growth in childhood and adolescence and during pregnancy and lactation.
Patients with advanced renal insufficiency exhibit phosphate retention and some degree of hyperphosphataemia. The retention of phosphate plays a pivotal role in causing secondary hyperparathyroidism associated with osteodystrophy and soft tissue calcification. Calcium acetate, when taken with meals, combines with dietary phosphate to form insoluble calcium phosphate which is excreted in the faeces.
Deficiency signs and symptoms: Osteoporosis, pathological fractures, brittle nails and hair.

Mechanism of Action of Calcium

Calcium is essential for maintaining the functional integrity of nervous, muscular, and skeletal system. It controls excitability of nerves and muscles and regulates permeability of cell membrane. It also regulates cell adhesion and maintains integrity of cell membrane. Calcium acts as intracellular messenger for hormones, autacoids, and transmitters. It is required for excitation-contraction coupling in all types of muscle and excitation-secretion coupling in exocrine and endocrine glands. It is essential for release of transmitters from nerve endings and other release reactions. It is also essential for impulse generation in heart and determines level of automaticity and
A-V conduction. Calcium is also required for blood-coagulation.

Pharmacokinets of Calcium

Absorption: Actively absorbed from gastrointestinal tract in an ionized form; and vitamin D in it`s active form is required for calcium absorption, Distribution: Distributed mainly in to skeletal tissue (99%) and 1% is distributed equally between the intracellular and extra cellular fluid. CSF levels are about half of the serum calcium levels, Metabolism: Not significantly metabolized in the body, Excretion: Excreted mainly through faeces and a small amount is excreted through urine.

Onset of Action for Calcium

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Duration of Action for Calcium

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Half Life of Calcium

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Side Effects of Calcium

1.Constipation
2.Bloating
3.Excess gas
4.Anorexia
5.Nausea
6.Vomiting
7.Abdominal pain
8.Thirst
9.Hypercalcaemia
10.Polyuria
11.Dry mouth
12.Delirium
13.Confusion

Contra-indications of Calcium

1.Renal calculi
2.Hypophosphataemia
3.Hypercalcaemia
4.Ventricular fibrillation.

Special Precautions while taking Calcium

1.Renal impairment
2.Cardiac diseases
3.Sarcoidosis
4.Cor pulmonale
5.Respiratory acidosis
6.Respiratory failure
7.End stage renal failure
8.Hypoparathyroid patients
9.Digitalized patients
10.Prolonged use of therapeutic amounts.

Pregnancy Related Information

Use with caution

Old Age Related Information

Use with caution

Breast Feeding Related Information

May be used

Children Related Information

Use with caution

Indications for Calcium

1.Hypocalcaemia
2.Calcium and vitamin D deficiency
3.Calcium deficiency during pregnancy and lactation
4.Rickets
5.Prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women
6.Chronic renal failure.

Interactions for Calcium

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Typical Dosage for Calcium

Oral: 500mg to 2g daily in two to four divided doses.
Hypocalcaemia:
Adults: 1g daily. Increases to 2g daily if required.
Prevention of osteoporosis: 1 to 1.5g daily.
Children: 45 to 65mg/kg daily.
Neonates: 50 to 150mg/kg and should not exceed 1g.

Schedule of Calcium

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Storage Requirements for Calcium

Store in a well closed container in a cool and dry place. Protect from light.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Calcium

Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Calcium

Remove calcium from stomach by induced emesis and gastric lavage. Provide symptomatic treatment and supportive measures.

Vitamin D3

About Vitamin D3

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Mechanism of Action of Vitamin D3

Vitamin D3 is a form of vitamin D. It is also called as Cholecalciferol.7-Dehydrocholesterol is the precursor of vitamin D3 and only forms the vitamin after being exposed to UV radiation.After exposure to the sun, cholecalciferol is sent to the liver to be hydroxylated where it becomes 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3.Next, it is sent to the kidney and once again hydroxylated becoming 1,25-Hydroxyvitamin D3. 1,25-Hydroxyvitmain D3 is the active form of vitamin D3, for this reason vitamin D is often referred to as a prohormone.Vitamin D exerts it`s action by influencing calcium homoeostasis. It increases the intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate. It binds to the cytoplasmic Vitamin D receptor and translocates to the nucleus and thus increases the synthesis of specific m RNA and regulates protein synthesis. It increases the synthesis of a carrier protein for calcium called "calbindin" or calcium binding protein. Activation of Vitamin D receptor enhances endocytotic capture of calcium and it`s transport across duodenal mucosal cells in a vesicular form. Vitamin D promotes resorption of calcium and phosphate from bone by enhancing recruitment and differentiation of osteoclast precursors in the bone remodeling units. It helps in bone mineralization.

Pharmacokinets of Vitamin D3

Absorption: Well absorbed orally in the presence of bile salts, Malabsorption and steatorrhoea interfere with it`s absorption.
Distribution: Widely distributed in a protein bound form. It is stored in adipose tissue and liver.
Metabolism: It is hydroxylated in to both active and inactive metabolites and also metabolized in kidney.
Excretion: Metabolites are excreted mainly through bile.

Onset of Action for Vitamin D3

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Duration of Action for Vitamin D3

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Half Life of Vitamin D3

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Side Effects of Vitamin D3

1. Hypercalcaemia
2. Fatigue
3. Weakness
4. Diarrhoea
5. Vomiting
6. Sluggishness
7. Albuminuria
8. Polyuria
9. Calcification of soft tissues (blood vessels, parenchymal organs including heart)
10. Arrhythmias
11. Renal stones
12. Growh retardation in children
13. Hypertension
14. Anorexia
15. Nausea
16. Constipation
17. Elevated liver enzymes

Contra-indications of Vitamin D3

1. Hypercalcaemia
2. Hypervitaminosis D
3. Renal osteodystrophy with hyperphosphatemia
4. Renal impairment

Special Precautions while taking Vitamin D3

1. Renal diseases
2. Renal stones
3. Cardiac diseases
4. Arteriosclerosis
5. Coronary diseases

Pregnancy Related Information

Use with caution

Old Age Related Information

Use with caution

Breast Feeding Related Information

Use with caution

Children Related Information

Use with caution

Indications for Vitamin D3

1. Rickets and Osteomalacia
2. Hypoparathyroidism
3. Fanconi`s syndrome
4. Osteoporosis

Interactions for Vitamin D3

Antacids: Hypermagnesemia may develop in patients on renal dialysis who take magnesium containing antacids.
Digitalis glycosides: May precipitate cardiac arrhythmias due to hypercalcemia.
Verapamil: Atrial fibrillation may occur.
Cholestyramine: Intestinal absorption of Vitamin D may be reduced.
Mineral Oil: Prolonged use of mineral oil may result in reduced absoprtion of Vitamin D.
Phenytoin, Barbiturates: Half life of vitamin D may be reduced.
Thaizide diuretics: Hypoparathyroid patients on Vitamin D may develop hypercalcemia due to thiazide diuretics.

Typical Dosage for Vitamin D3

Oral:
Adults:
Nutritional Rickets and Osteomalacia: 25 to 125mcg daily in normal gastrointestinal absorption. In severe malabsorption; 250mcg to 7.5mg orally or 250mcg I.M.
Vitamin dependent Rickets: 250mcg to 1.5mg daily
Hypoparathyroidism: 625mcg to 5mg daily with calcium supplements
Fanconi`s syndrome: 1.25 to 5mg daily
Osteoporosis: 25 to 250mcg daily or 1.25mg once weekly with calcium and fluoride supplements.
Hypophosphatemia: 250mcg to 1.5mg along with phosphate supplements
Children:
Nutritional Rickets and Osteomalacia: 25 to 125mcg daily in normal gastrointestinal absorption. In severe malabsorption; 250mcg to 625mcg orally
Vitamin dependent Rickets: 75 to 125mcg daily.
Fanconi`s syndrome: 625mcg to 1.25mg daily
Hypophosphatemia: 1 to 2mg daily with phosphate supplements. Increase the dose in increments of 250 to 500mcg at intervals of 3 to 4months until desired therapeutic response is obtained.

Schedule of Vitamin D3

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Storage Requirements for Vitamin D3

Store in a well closed container in a cool place. Protect from light and excess heat. Keep out of reach of children.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Vitamin D3

Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Vitamin D3

Provide supportive and symptomatic treatment. Stops the treatment and starting a low calcium diet. Increases the fluid intake and administer Loop diuretics like furosemide may be given with saline I.V. infusion to increase calcium excretion. Calcitonin may decrease hypercalcaemia.

Magnesium

About Magnesium

Magnesium is essential for enzyme activity, calcium and potassium uptake, nerve transmission, bone formation and metabolism of carbohydrates and minerals. It is magnesium, not calcium, which helps form hard tooth enamel, resistant to decay. Like calcium and chloride, magnesium also plays a role in regulating the acid-alkaline balance in the body. High magnesium levels in drinking water have been linked to resistance to heart disease. Although it is found in many foods, including dairy products, nuts, vegetables, fish, meat and seafood, deficiencies are common in America due to soil depletion, poor absorption and lack of minerals in drinking water. A diet high in carbohydrates, oxalic acid in foods like raw spinach and phytic acid found in whole grains can cause deficiencies. An excellent source of usable magnesium is beef, chicken or fish broth. High amounts of zinc and vitamin D increase magnesium requirements. Magnesium deficiency can result in coronary heart disease, chronic weight loss, obesity, fatigue, epilepsy and impaired brain function. Chocolate cravings are a sign of magnesium deficiency.

Mechanism of Action of Magnesium

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Pharmacokinets of Magnesium

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Onset of Action for Magnesium

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Duration of Action for Magnesium

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Half Life of Magnesium

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Side Effects of Magnesium

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Contra-indications of Magnesium

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Special Precautions while taking Magnesium

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Pregnancy Related Information

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Old Age Related Information

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Breast Feeding Related Information

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Children Related Information

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Indications for Magnesium

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Interactions for Magnesium

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Typical Dosage for Magnesium

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Schedule of Magnesium

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Storage Requirements for Magnesium

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Effects of Missed Dosage of Magnesium

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Effects of Overdose of Magnesium

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Copper

About Copper

Third most abundant essential trace mineral, A cofactor for many proteins, iron utilization enhancer, Copper deficiency.

Mechanism of Action of Copper

Copper is one of a relatively small group of metallic elements which are essential to human health. These elements, along with amino and fatty acids as well as vitamins, are required for normal metabolic processes.

Pharmacokinets of Copper

Absorption:It is orally well absorbed.

Onset of Action for Copper

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Duration of Action for Copper

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Half Life of Copper

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Side Effects of Copper

1.Breathing problems
2.Chest pain
3.Skin hives
4.Rash
5.Swollen skin
6.Upset stomach

Contra-indications of Copper

Hypersensitivity to the drug

Special Precautions while taking Copper

1.Blood pressure
2.Heart or blood vessel disease

Pregnancy Related Information

use with caution

Old Age Related Information

N/A

Breast Feeding Related Information

use with caution

Children Related Information

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Indications for Copper

1. As a supplement for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, anemia, to enhance immunity, and to treat arthritis.

Interactions for Copper

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Typical Dosage for Copper

As directed by the physician

Schedule of Copper

N/A

Storage Requirements for Copper

Store at 15 - 30 degree C. Protect from heat and light. Kept the container tightly closed after use. Keep out of the reach of children

Effects of Missed Dosage of Copper

Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Copper

Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment.

Manganese

About Manganese

Mechanism of Action of Manganese

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Pharmacokinets of Manganese

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Onset of Action for Manganese

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Duration of Action for Manganese

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Half Life of Manganese

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Side Effects of Manganese

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Contra-indications of Manganese

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Special Precautions while taking Manganese

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Pregnancy Related Information

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Old Age Related Information

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Breast Feeding Related Information

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Children Related Information

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Indications for Manganese

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Interactions for Manganese

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Typical Dosage for Manganese

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Schedule of Manganese

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Storage Requirements for Manganese

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Effects of Missed Dosage of Manganese

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Effects of Overdose of Manganese

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Boron

About Boron

Micronutrient, Dietary mineral.

Mechanism of Action of Boron

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Pharmacokinets of Boron

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Onset of Action for Boron

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Duration of Action for Boron

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Half Life of Boron

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Side Effects of Boron

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Contra-indications of Boron

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Special Precautions while taking Boron

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Pregnancy Related Information

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Old Age Related Information

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Breast Feeding Related Information

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Children Related Information

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Indications for Boron

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Interactions for Boron

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Typical Dosage for Boron

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Schedule of Boron

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Storage Requirements for Boron

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Effects of Missed Dosage of Boron

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Effects of Overdose of Boron

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Selenium

About Selenium

A vital antioxidant, selenium acts with vitamin E to protect the immune system and maintain healthy heart function. It is needed for pancreatic function and tissue elasticity and has been shown to protect against radiation and toxic minerals. High levels of heart disease are associated with selenium-deficient soil in Finland and a tendency to fibrotic heart lesions is associated with selenium deficiency in parts of China. Best sources are butter, Brazil nuts, seafood and grains grown in selenium-rich soil.

Mechanism of Action of Selenium

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Pharmacokinets of Selenium

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Onset of Action for Selenium

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Duration of Action for Selenium

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Half Life of Selenium

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Side Effects of Selenium

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Contra-indications of Selenium

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Special Precautions while taking Selenium

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Pregnancy Related Information

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Old Age Related Information

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Breast Feeding Related Information

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Children Related Information

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Indications for Selenium

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Interactions for Selenium

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Typical Dosage for Selenium

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Schedule of Selenium

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Storage Requirements for Selenium

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Effects of Missed Dosage of Selenium

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Effects of Overdose of Selenium

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Chromium

About Chromium

Chromium is by far the most pivotal nutrient involved in sugar metabolism. Trivalent chromium is a part of glucose tolerance factor, an essential activator of insulin mediated reactions. Chromium improves insulin binding, insulin receptor number, insulin internalization, beta cell sensitivity and insulin receptor enzymes with overall increases in insulin sensitivity. Thus it helps to maintain normal glucose metabolism and peripheral nerve function. A number of clinical studies have been conducted which show that chromium is an effective therapy for both Type I and Type II diabetes. Except for supplementation, there is no good way to rebuild the body?s stockpile of chromium.
Deficiency symptoms: Impaired glucose tolerance, peripheral neuropathy, ataxia, confusion.
Over dosage symptoms: In normal therapeutic doses side effects have not been reported except occasional insomnia. In the event of over dosage - nausea, vomiting, GI ulcers, renal/hepatic damage, convulsion, coma may occur.

Mechanism of Action of Chromium

Chromium picolinate acts by influencing carbohydrate metabolism. It stimulates Insulin mediated reactions and improves glucose tolerance. Chromium picolinate helps to improve; insulin binding, insulin receptor number, insulin internalization, beta cell sensitivity and insulin receptor enzymes with overall increase in insulin sensitivity. Thus it maintains normal glucose metabolism and peripheral nerve functions. It improves carbohydrate metabolism, increases energy and helps to control diabetes. It also helps to control weight.

Pharmacokinets of Chromium

Absorption: Well absorbed orally, Distribution: Widely distributed in the body in especially in to liver, kidney, bone, and spleen; normal plasma level is 1 to 5mcg/l. Excretion: Excreted mainly through urine.

Onset of Action for Chromium

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Duration of Action for Chromium

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Half Life of Chromium

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Side Effects of Chromium

N/A

Contra-indications of Chromium

1. Hypersensitivity to the drug.

Special Precautions while taking Chromium

1. Prolonged therapy with the drug
2.Hypoglycaemia
3.In patients with Type II diabetes mellitus use of chromium picolinate is only under the direct medical supervision
4.Renal impairment
5.Hepatic impairment

Pregnancy Related Information

Use with caution

Old Age Related Information

Use with caution

Breast Feeding Related Information

Use with caution

Children Related Information

N/A

Indications for Chromium

1.Type I diabetes mellitus
2.Type II diabetes mellitus
3.Obesity.

Interactions for Chromium

N/A

Typical Dosage for Chromium

Oral: 200 mcg daily; increases up to 1mg daily if required.

Schedule of Chromium

N/A

Storage Requirements for Chromium

Store in a well closed container at a cool dry place.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Chromium

Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Chromium

Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment.

Home Delivery for Calcium + Vitamin D3 + Magnesium + Copper + Manganese + Boron + Selenium + Chromium in Your City

Medicine India is just a publishing medium for medicine related information and does not provide services or sales of medicines including calcium + vitamin d3 + magnesium + copper + manganese + boron + selenium + chromium.

However, we do publish a comprehensive directory of Pharmacies, Chemists and Druggists in cities all over India. You can use this directory to find the medicine stores in your city (or area) that provide home delivery services for calcium + vitamin d3 + magnesium + copper + manganese + boron + selenium + chromium and other medicines and health products. Home delivery services for calcium + vitamin d3 + magnesium + copper + manganese + boron + selenium + chromium may be free or they may cost you depending on the pharmacy and the minimum order requirements. It would be best to get this clarified while placing the order.

Please be aware that you should take calcium + vitamin d3 + magnesium + copper + manganese + boron + selenium + chromium only if a doctor has recommended or prescribed it. Some or all pharmacies who provide a home delivery service for medicines might insist on a prescription for calcium + vitamin d3 + magnesium + copper + manganese + boron + selenium + chromium before they complete the sale. You can get this information while placing the order for calcium + vitamin d3 + magnesium + copper + manganese + boron + selenium + chromium with the pharmacy.

Calcium + Vitamin D3 + Magnesium + Copper + Manganese + Boron + Selenium + Chromium is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for calcium + vitamin d3 + magnesium + copper + manganese + boron + selenium + chromium might be better known than calcium + vitamin d3 + magnesium + copper + manganese + boron + selenium + chromium itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have calcium + vitamin d3 + magnesium + copper + manganese + boron + selenium + chromium in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for calcium + vitamin d3 + magnesium + copper + manganese + boron + selenium + chromium.