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- Pharmacology For Amoxycillin + Clarithromycin + Tinidazole
Amoxycillin + Clarithromycin + Tinidazole Pharmacology
Amoxycillin + Clarithromycin + Tinidazole
About Amoxycillin + Clarithromycin + TinidazoleN/AMechanism of Action of Amoxycillin + Clarithromycin + TinidazoleN/APharmacokinets of Amoxycillin + Clarithromycin + TinidazoleN/AOnset of Action for Amoxycillin + Clarithromycin + TinidazoleN/ADuration of Action for Amoxycillin + Clarithromycin + TinidazoleN/AHalf Life of Amoxycillin + Clarithromycin + TinidazoleN/ASide Effects of Amoxycillin + Clarithromycin + TinidazoleN/AContra-indications of Amoxycillin + Clarithromycin + TinidazoleN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Amoxycillin + Clarithromycin + TinidazoleN/APregnancy Related InformationContraindicated; Clarithromycin and Tinidazole are contraindicated in pregnancy so the combination generic cannot be used in pregnancy.Old Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicated; Clarithromycin and Tinidazole are contraindicated in breast feeding so the combination generic cannot be used in lactating mother.Children Related InformationN/AIndications for Amoxycillin + Clarithromycin + TinidazoleH. pylori infection
The combination of these three drugs works better to kill the bacteria than the antibiotics alone. It is a very effective combination to eradicate H. pylori infection in ulcer patients.Interactions for Amoxycillin + Clarithromycin + TinidazoleN/ATypical Dosage for Amoxycillin + Clarithromycin + TinidazoleAdult: 1 kit 2 times daily for 1 weekSchedule of Amoxycillin + Clarithromycin + TinidazoleN/AStorage Requirements for Amoxycillin + Clarithromycin + TinidazoleN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of Amoxycillin + Clarithromycin + TinidazoleN/AEffects of Overdose of Amoxycillin + Clarithromycin + TinidazoleN/AAmoxycillin
About AmoxycillinSemisynthetic Broad spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic, An aminopenicillin Derivative.Mechanism of Action of AmoxycillinAmoxycillin is a bactericidal drug. It is a Beta lactum antibiotic. It binds to the Penicillin binding protein in the cell wall of bacteria and inhibits the enzyme transpeptidase which is responsible for the transpeptidation reaction in peptidoglycan synthesis. It also activates the endogenous enzyme which degrades the peptidoglycan.These results in inhibition of protein synthesis and there by cell wall synthesis. Amoxycillin is active against gram positive and gram negative bacteria except penicillinase producing once.Pharmacokinets of AmoxycillinAbsorption .It is well absorbed after oral administration. Distribution: It is very widely distributed in the body .Metabolism: In significant metabolism. Excretion: It is excreted mainly through urine and small amount excreted
in breast milk
Onset of Action for Amoxycillin60 -120 minutesDuration of Action for Amoxycillin6-8 hoursHalf Life of Amoxycillin60 minutesSide Effects of Amoxycillin1.Aaphylaxis
2. Vomiting
3.Diarrhoea
4 Nausea
5.Rash
6.Urticaria
7.Thrombocytopenia
8.Nephritis
9.Seizure
10.Super infections.
Contra-indications of AmoxycillinHypersensitivity to Amoxicillin and other Penicillins.Special Precautions while taking Amoxycillin1.Mononucleosis
2.Lymphatic leukaemia
3.HIV infections
4.Hepatic impairment
5.Renal impairment
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationUse with cautionIndications for Amoxycillin1Urinary tract infections
2.Gonorrhoea
3 Meningitis
4.SABE
5.Respiratory tract infections
6.Septicemia
7.Soft tissue infections
8.Otitis media
9.Sinusitis
10.Tetanus
11.Biliarytract infections
12.Bronchitis
13.Salmonellosis
14.Typhoid
15.Gastroenteritis
16.Chlamydia infection
17.Paratyphoid fever
18.Dental infections
Interactions for AmoxycillinOral contraceptives: Efficacy reduced, may cause breakthrough bleeding or pregnancy.
Erythromycin, Tetracycline: Reduce efficacy.Typical Dosage for AmoxycillinADULT: 250 - 500 mg three to four times daily.
In severe infections dose can be increased to 3 - 6 g daily depending on the severity of infection.
CHILDREN:125 - 250 mg three to four times a day depending on the severity of infection.
Schedule of AmoxycillinHStorage Requirements for AmoxycillinIt should store at temperature below 25 degree C. Keep away from moisture and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.Effects of Missed Dosage of AmoxycillinTake the dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time to the next dose then skip the missed doseEffects of Overdose of AmoxycillinGive supportive measures and symptomatic treatment. If the patient is conscious induce emesis or gastric lavage followed by charcoal administration. Haemodialysis can be done if needed.
Clarithromycin
About ClarithromycinIt is a new macrolide antimicrobial drug.It is the most effective macrolide against Haemophilus influenzae, chlamydia trachomaitis and chlamydia pneumoniae.Mechanism of Action of ClarithromycinClarithromycin is a member of macrolide antibiotic.It binds to the 50S sub unit of bacterial ribosome and inhibits translocation.ie:they interfere with the transfer of the newly formed peptide chain from the A site to the P site and fails to expose the A site .So that A site is unable to bind with the next aminoacyl tRNA complex. This leads to premature termination of amino acid chain and there by inhibits protein synthesis.Pharmacokinets of ClarithromycinAbsorption: Clarithromycin is completely absorbed after oral administration. Distribution: It is widely distributed in the body .Metabolism: It is metabolized in to active and inactive compound .Excretion: It is excreted through urine.Onset of Action for Clarithromycin0.5 - 1 hourDuration of Action for Clarithromycin8 - 12 hourHalf Life of ClarithromycinN/ASide Effects of Clarithromycin1.Nausea
2.Vomiting
3.Diarrhoea
4.Epigastric pain
5.Abnormal taste
6.Headache
7.Dizziness
8.Elevated hepatic enzyme
9.Pseudomembranous colitisContra-indications of Clarithromycin1.Hypersensitivity to clarithromycin and other macrolide
2.Liver diseaseSpecial Precautions while taking Clarithromycin1.Renal impairment
2.Hepatic dysfunction
3.cardiac abnormalitiesPregnancy Related InformationContraindicatedOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Clarithromycin1.Tonsilitis
2.Pharyngitis
3.Pneumonia
4.Skin and soft tissue infections
5.Bronchitis
6.Otitis media
7.Prophylaxis of MAC
8.Leprosy
9.Acne
10.NocardiosisInteractions for ClarithromycinTerfenadine: Concomitant use may cause cardiac arrhythmia.
Carbamazepine & Theophylline: Concurrent use causes increase in serum levels of these drugs.
Zidovudine: In HIV infected patients steady state Zidovudine levels decreased.
Increased efficacy of the following drugs which are metabolised by the cytochrome P450 system: Digoxin, Warfarin, Ergot alkaloids, Triazolam, Midazolam and Cyclosporine.Typical Dosage for ClarithromycinAdult: 250 - 500 mg twice daily for 1 - 2 week
Children: 7.5 mg/kg body weight two times daily for 1 - 2 week
Schedule of ClarithromycinHStorage Requirements for ClarithromycinStore in a cool dark place. Keep away from heat and moisture.Effects of Missed Dosage of ClarithromycinTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time to take the next dose then skip the missed dose.
Effects of Overdose of ClarithromycinGive supportive measures and treatmentTinidazole
About TinidazoleNitroimidazole antibiotic, Antibacterial, antiprotozoal.Mechanism of Action of TinidazoleTinidazole is nitro imidazole which has broad spectrum cidal activity against Protozoa and some anaerobic bacteria. Its selective toxicity to anaerobic microbes involves 1. Drug enters the cell by diffusion, 2. Nitro group of drug is reduced by redox proteins present only in anaerobic organisms to reactive nitro radical which excerts cytotoxic action by damaging DNA and other critical biomolecules. 3. .DNA helix destabilization &strand breakage has been observed.Pharmacokinets of TinidazoleAbsorption: Well absorbed orally, Distribution: Widely distributed,
Metabolism: Metabolized in liver by oxidation &glucuronide conjugation, Excretion: Excreted in urine.
Onset of Action for TinidazoleWithin few hoursDuration of Action for Tinidazole16 hoursHalf Life of Tinidazole12 hoursSide Effects of Tinidazole1.Anorexia
2.Bitter taste
3.Nausea
4.Vomiting
5.Diarrhoea
6.Fatigue
7.Dry mouth
8.Abdominal distress
9.Headache
10.Dizziness
11.Vertigo
12.Rash
13.Urticaria
14.Angioedema
15.Peripheral neuropathy & CNS effects,
Contra-indications of Tinidazole1.Hypersensitivity to the drug
2.Blood dyscrasias
3.CNS disorders
Special Precautions while taking Tinidazole1.Hepatic impairment
2.Alcoholic cirrhosis
3.Obstructive liver diseases
4. Use cautiously along with other hepatotoxic drugs & In visual field changes
5. Avoid alcohol use during therapy
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with caution, but contra indicated in first trimesterOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Tinidazole1.Amoebiasis
2.Giardiasis
3.Trichomonas vaginitis
4.Anaerobic bacterial infections
5.Prophylactic agent after colorectal surgery
6.H. pylori infections
Interactions for TinidazoleAlcohol: Disulfiram like reaction.
Ampicillin, Doxycycline and Cotrimoxaole: Synergism with these agents.Typical Dosage for TinidazoleAmoebiasis:
Adults: 2gm once daily for 3 days
Children: 30 to 50mg/kg/day or 600mg 12hourly for 5 to 10 days
Trichomoniasis & Giardiasis:
600mg once daily for a week or 2gm single dose
Anaerobic bacterial infections:
2 gm followed by 500mg 12 hourly for 5 days
Prophylaxis after colorectal surgery:
2gm single dose before surgery
H. pylori infections:
0.5gm 12hourly for 7 to14 days in triple combination
Schedule of TinidazoleHStorage Requirements for TinidazoleStore at room temperature at a range of 15 to 30 degree C. Protect from excess heat and moisture.Effects of Missed Dosage of TinidazoleTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of TinidazoleTreatment is supportive & symptomatic. Drug is removed by induced emesis, gastric lavage, and administration of activated charcoal &use of cathartics. For controlling seizures diazepam & phenytoin may be used Home Delivery for Amoxycillin + Clarithromycin + Tinidazole in Your City
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