Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin Pharmacology

Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin

About Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin
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Mechanism of Action of Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin
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Pharmacokinets of Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin
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Onset of Action for Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin
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Duration of Action for Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin
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Half Life of Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin
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Side Effects of Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin
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Contra-indications of Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin
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Special Precautions while taking Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin
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Pregnancy Related Information
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Old Age Related Information
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Breast Feeding Related Information
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Children Related Information
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Indications for Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin
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Interactions for Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin
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Typical Dosage for Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin
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Schedule of Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin
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Storage Requirements for Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin
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Effects of Missed Dosage of Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin
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Effects of Overdose of Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin
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Tinidazole

About Tinidazole
Nitroimidazole antibiotic, Antibacterial, antiprotozoal.
Mechanism of Action of Tinidazole
Tinidazole is nitro imidazole which has broad spectrum cidal activity against Protozoa and some anaerobic bacteria. Its selective toxicity to anaerobic microbes involves 1. Drug enters the cell by diffusion, 2. Nitro group of drug is reduced by redox proteins present only in anaerobic organisms to reactive nitro radical which excerts cytotoxic action by damaging DNA and other critical biomolecules. 3. .DNA helix destabilization &strand breakage has been observed.
Pharmacokinets of Tinidazole
Absorption: Well absorbed orally, Distribution: Widely distributed,
Metabolism: Metabolized in liver by oxidation &glucuronide conjugation, Excretion: Excreted in urine.
Onset of Action for Tinidazole
Within few hours
Duration of Action for Tinidazole
16 hours
Half Life of Tinidazole
12 hours
Side Effects of Tinidazole
1.Anorexia
2.Bitter taste
3.Nausea
4.Vomiting
5.Diarrhoea
6.Fatigue
7.Dry mouth
8.Abdominal distress
9.Headache
10.Dizziness
11.Vertigo
12.Rash
13.Urticaria
14.Angioedema
15.Peripheral neuropathy & CNS effects,
Contra-indications of Tinidazole
1.Hypersensitivity to the drug
2.Blood dyscrasias
3.CNS disorders
Special Precautions while taking Tinidazole
1.Hepatic impairment
2.Alcoholic cirrhosis
3.Obstructive liver diseases
4. Use cautiously along with other hepatotoxic drugs & In visual field changes
5. Avoid alcohol use during therapy
Pregnancy Related Information
Use with caution, but contra indicated in first trimester
Old Age Related Information
N/A
Breast Feeding Related Information
Contraindicated
Children Related Information
N/A
Indications for Tinidazole
1.Amoebiasis
2.Giardiasis
3.Trichomonas vaginitis
4.Anaerobic bacterial infections
5.Prophylactic agent after colorectal surgery
6.H. pylori infections
Interactions for Tinidazole
Alcohol: Disulfiram like reaction.
Ampicillin, Doxycycline and Cotrimoxaole: Synergism with these agents.
Typical Dosage for Tinidazole
Amoebiasis:
Adults: 2gm once daily for 3 days
Children: 30 to 50mg/kg/day or 600mg 12hourly for 5 to 10 days
Trichomoniasis & Giardiasis:
600mg once daily for a week or 2gm single dose
Anaerobic bacterial infections:
2 gm followed by 500mg 12 hourly for 5 days
Prophylaxis after colorectal surgery:
2gm single dose before surgery
H. pylori infections:
0.5gm 12hourly for 7 to14 days in triple combination
Schedule of Tinidazole
H
Storage Requirements for Tinidazole
Store at room temperature at a range of 15 to 30 degree C. Protect from excess heat and moisture.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Tinidazole
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Tinidazole
Treatment is supportive & symptomatic. Drug is removed by induced emesis, gastric lavage, and administration of activated charcoal &use of cathartics. For controlling seizures diazepam & phenytoin may be used

Ciprofloxacin

About Ciprofloxacin
It is a broad spectrum fluoroquinolone with activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
EYE DROPS: It is a fluroquinolone antibacterial having broad spectrum of activity.
Mechanism of Action of Ciprofloxacin
Ciprofloxacin is a bacteriostatic at low concentration and bactericidal at high concentration. It act by inhibiting the enzyme DNA gyrase (Topoisomerase 2) and Topoisomerase 4.DNA gyrase helps in the formation of a highly condensed three dimensional structure of the DNA by its nicking and closing activity and also by introducing negative supercoil in to the DNA double helix. Ciprofloxacin inhibits DNA gyrase which results in abnormal linkage between opened DNA and gyrase and negative supercoiling is also impaired. This will inhibits transcription of DNA in to RNA and subsequent protein synthesis.
Pharmacokinets of Ciprofloxacin
Absorption: They are adequately absorbed after oral administration. Distribution: It is distributed widely in the body. Metabolism: It undergoes hepatic metabolism. Excretion: Drug is excreted mainly through urine.

Onset of Action for Ciprofloxacin
Within 1hr.
Duration of Action for Ciprofloxacin
8-12 hours.
Half Life of Ciprofloxacin
3 - 5 hour
Side Effects of Ciprofloxacin
1.Nausea
2.Vomiting
3.Diarrhoea
4.Abdominal discomfort
5.Restlessness
6.Dizziness
7.Drowsiness
8.Arthralgia
9.Rash
10.Confusion
11.Insomnia
12.Anorexia
13.Bad taste
14.Headache
15.Photosensitivity

Contra-indications of Ciprofloxacin
Hypersensitivity to Ciprofloxacin and other Fluoroquinolones
Special Precautions while taking Ciprofloxacin
1.Hepatic impairment
2.Renal impairment
3.Epilepsy
4.Dehydration
5.Caution while driving the vehicle or operating machine or involved in any hazardous activities.
Pregnancy Related Information
Use with caution.
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution.
Breast Feeding Related Information
Contraindicated
Children Related Information
Contraindicated
NEONATES: contraindicated
Indications for Ciprofloxacin
1.Urinary tract infection
2.Respiratory tract infection
3.Bone and joint infections,
4.Infectious diarrhoea
5.Gonorrhoea
6.ENT infections
7.Skin and soft tissue infections
8.Typhoid fever
9.Intra-abdominal infections
10.Prostatitis
11. Sinusitis
12.Chancroid
13.Gynaecological infections
14.Tularemia
Interactions for Ciprofloxacin
Antacids (aluminium/magnesium hydroxide), Iron salts, Zinc salts.: Absorption of ciprofloxacin is decreased.
Antineoplastic drugs: Decrease serum levels of ciprofloxacin.
Caffeine: Enhanced efficacy of caffeine.
Oral anti-coagulants: Enhanced efficacy of anti-coagulants.
Cyclosporine: Nephrotoxicity increased by ciprofloxacin.
Theophylline: Increased plasma levels of theophylline resulting in toxicity.
NSAIDs: CNS excitation may occur.
Rifampicin: Decreases serum concenteration of ciprofloxacin.
Chloramphenicol: Antagonises effects of ciprofloxacin.
Typical Dosage for Ciprofloxacin
Adults:
Dose is determined on the basis of severity of the infection, type of infecting organism, age, weight and renal function of the patient.
UTI: 0.5 - 1 g / day in 2 divided doses.
Respiratory tract infection, Bone and joint infections, Infectious diarrhoea, ENT infections, .Skin and soft tissue infections, Enteric fever: 1 - 1.5 g / day in 2 divided doses
Typhoid fever, Intra-abdominal infections, Gynaecological infection: 1 g / day in 2 divided doses
Uncomplicated gonorrhea: 250 mg / day
Schedule of Ciprofloxacin
H
Storage Requirements for Ciprofloxacin
Store at 15 - 30 degree C in a tightly closed container.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Ciprofloxacin
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose.
Effects of Overdose of Ciprofloxacin
Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment. Induce emesis or gastric lavage has to be done. Dialysis can be done if necessary.

Home Delivery for Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin in Your City

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