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- Pharmacology For Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin + Dicyclomine
Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin + Dicyclomine Pharmacology
Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin + Dicyclomine
About Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin + DicyclomineN/AMechanism of Action of Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin + DicyclomineN/APharmacokinets of Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin + DicyclomineN/AOnset of Action for Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin + DicyclomineN/ADuration of Action for Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin + DicyclomineN/AHalf Life of Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin + DicyclomineN/ASide Effects of Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin + DicyclomineN/AContra-indications of Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin + DicyclomineN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin + DicyclomineN/APregnancy Related InformationN/AOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin + DicyclomineN/AInteractions for Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin + DicyclomineN/ATypical Dosage for Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin + DicyclomineN/ASchedule of Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin + DicyclomineN/AStorage Requirements for Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin + DicyclomineN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin + DicyclomineN/AEffects of Overdose of Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin + DicyclomineN/ATinidazole
About TinidazoleNitroimidazole antibiotic, Antibacterial, antiprotozoal.Mechanism of Action of TinidazoleTinidazole is nitro imidazole which has broad spectrum cidal activity against Protozoa and some anaerobic bacteria. Its selective toxicity to anaerobic microbes involves 1. Drug enters the cell by diffusion, 2. Nitro group of drug is reduced by redox proteins present only in anaerobic organisms to reactive nitro radical which excerts cytotoxic action by damaging DNA and other critical biomolecules. 3. .DNA helix destabilization &strand breakage has been observed.Pharmacokinets of TinidazoleAbsorption: Well absorbed orally, Distribution: Widely distributed,
Metabolism: Metabolized in liver by oxidation &glucuronide conjugation, Excretion: Excreted in urine.
Onset of Action for TinidazoleWithin few hoursDuration of Action for Tinidazole16 hoursHalf Life of Tinidazole12 hoursSide Effects of Tinidazole1.Anorexia
2.Bitter taste
3.Nausea
4.Vomiting
5.Diarrhoea
6.Fatigue
7.Dry mouth
8.Abdominal distress
9.Headache
10.Dizziness
11.Vertigo
12.Rash
13.Urticaria
14.Angioedema
15.Peripheral neuropathy & CNS effects,
Contra-indications of Tinidazole1.Hypersensitivity to the drug
2.Blood dyscrasias
3.CNS disorders
Special Precautions while taking Tinidazole1.Hepatic impairment
2.Alcoholic cirrhosis
3.Obstructive liver diseases
4. Use cautiously along with other hepatotoxic drugs & In visual field changes
5. Avoid alcohol use during therapy
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with caution, but contra indicated in first trimesterOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Tinidazole1.Amoebiasis
2.Giardiasis
3.Trichomonas vaginitis
4.Anaerobic bacterial infections
5.Prophylactic agent after colorectal surgery
6.H. pylori infections
Interactions for TinidazoleAlcohol: Disulfiram like reaction.
Ampicillin, Doxycycline and Cotrimoxaole: Synergism with these agents.Typical Dosage for TinidazoleAmoebiasis:
Adults: 2gm once daily for 3 days
Children: 30 to 50mg/kg/day or 600mg 12hourly for 5 to 10 days
Trichomoniasis & Giardiasis:
600mg once daily for a week or 2gm single dose
Anaerobic bacterial infections:
2 gm followed by 500mg 12 hourly for 5 days
Prophylaxis after colorectal surgery:
2gm single dose before surgery
H. pylori infections:
0.5gm 12hourly for 7 to14 days in triple combination
Schedule of TinidazoleHStorage Requirements for TinidazoleStore at room temperature at a range of 15 to 30 degree C. Protect from excess heat and moisture.Effects of Missed Dosage of TinidazoleTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of TinidazoleTreatment is supportive & symptomatic. Drug is removed by induced emesis, gastric lavage, and administration of activated charcoal &use of cathartics. For controlling seizures diazepam & phenytoin may be used Ciprofloxacin
About CiprofloxacinIt is a broad spectrum fluoroquinolone with activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
EYE DROPS: It is a fluroquinolone antibacterial having broad spectrum of activity.Mechanism of Action of CiprofloxacinCiprofloxacin is a bacteriostatic at low concentration and bactericidal at high concentration. It act by inhibiting the enzyme DNA gyrase (Topoisomerase 2) and Topoisomerase 4.DNA gyrase helps in the formation of a highly condensed three dimensional structure of the DNA by its nicking and closing activity and also by introducing negative supercoil in to the DNA double helix. Ciprofloxacin inhibits DNA gyrase which results in abnormal linkage between opened DNA and gyrase and negative supercoiling is also impaired. This will inhibits transcription of DNA in to RNA and subsequent protein synthesis.Pharmacokinets of CiprofloxacinAbsorption: They are adequately absorbed after oral administration. Distribution: It is distributed widely in the body. Metabolism: It undergoes hepatic metabolism. Excretion: Drug is excreted mainly through urine.
Onset of Action for CiprofloxacinWithin 1hr.
Duration of Action for Ciprofloxacin8-12 hours.
Half Life of Ciprofloxacin3 - 5 hourSide Effects of Ciprofloxacin1.Nausea
2.Vomiting
3.Diarrhoea
4.Abdominal discomfort
5.Restlessness
6.Dizziness
7.Drowsiness
8.Arthralgia
9.Rash
10.Confusion
11.Insomnia
12.Anorexia
13.Bad taste
14.Headache
15.Photosensitivity
Contra-indications of CiprofloxacinHypersensitivity to Ciprofloxacin and other FluoroquinolonesSpecial Precautions while taking Ciprofloxacin1.Hepatic impairment
2.Renal impairment
3.Epilepsy
4.Dehydration
5.Caution while driving the vehicle or operating machine or involved in any hazardous activities.
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with caution.Old Age Related InformationUse with caution.Breast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationContraindicated
NEONATES: contraindicatedIndications for Ciprofloxacin1.Urinary tract infection
2.Respiratory tract infection
3.Bone and joint infections,
4.Infectious diarrhoea
5.Gonorrhoea
6.ENT infections
7.Skin and soft tissue infections
8.Typhoid fever
9.Intra-abdominal infections
10.Prostatitis
11. Sinusitis
12.Chancroid
13.Gynaecological infections
14.TularemiaInteractions for CiprofloxacinAntacids (aluminium/magnesium hydroxide), Iron salts, Zinc salts.: Absorption of ciprofloxacin is decreased.
Antineoplastic drugs: Decrease serum levels of ciprofloxacin.
Caffeine: Enhanced efficacy of caffeine.
Oral anti-coagulants: Enhanced efficacy of anti-coagulants.
Cyclosporine: Nephrotoxicity increased by ciprofloxacin.
Theophylline: Increased plasma levels of theophylline resulting in toxicity.
NSAIDs: CNS excitation may occur.
Rifampicin: Decreases serum concenteration of ciprofloxacin.
Chloramphenicol: Antagonises effects of ciprofloxacin.Typical Dosage for CiprofloxacinAdults:
Dose is determined on the basis of severity of the infection, type of infecting organism, age, weight and renal function of the patient.
UTI: 0.5 - 1 g / day in 2 divided doses.
Respiratory tract infection, Bone and joint infections, Infectious diarrhoea, ENT infections, .Skin and soft tissue infections, Enteric fever: 1 - 1.5 g / day in 2 divided doses
Typhoid fever, Intra-abdominal infections, Gynaecological infection: 1 g / day in 2 divided doses
Uncomplicated gonorrhea: 250 mg / day
Schedule of CiprofloxacinHStorage Requirements for CiprofloxacinStore at 15 - 30 degree C in a tightly closed container.Effects of Missed Dosage of CiprofloxacinTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose.Effects of Overdose of CiprofloxacinGive supportive measures and symptomatic treatment. Induce emesis or gastric lavage has to be done. Dialysis can be done if necessary.Dicyclomine
About DicyclomineAnticholinergic ,Antimuscarinic, Antispasmodic and in urinary incontinence.Mechanism of Action of DicyclomineDicyclomine is an anticholinergic drug. It exerts its action by inhibiting muscarinic (((cholinergic))) receptors on smooth muscles and prevents the effect of Acetylcholine. Inhibition of Acetylcholine produces relaxation of smooth muscles of gastrointestinal tract and genitourinary tract and reduces the painful spasm and cramp. It inhibits gastrointestinal propulsive motility and reduces gastric acid secretion. It also has a direct relaxant effect on smooth muscle. It readily crosses the blood brain barrier and produces CNS effects.Pharmacokinets of DicyclomineAbsorption: About 70 % of the drug is absorbed after oral administration.
Distribution: It is extensively distributed in tissue mainly in protein bound (((99%))) form. It readily crosses blood brain barrier.
Metabolism: Dicyclomine undergoes hepatic metabolism
Excretion: It is excreted mainly in the urine and small amount in the faeces.
Onset of Action for Dicyclomine1-2 hours.Duration of Action for Dicyclomine4-6 hours.Half Life of Dicyclomine1.8 hours (((initial phase))). 9 - 10 hours (((secondary phase)))Side Effects of Dicyclomine1.Constipation
2.Dry mouth
3.Nausea
4.Vomiting
5.Abdominal discomfort
6.Headache
7.Dizziness
8.Confusion
9.Palpitations
10.Tachycardia
11.Increased intraocular pressure
12.Mydriasis
13.Urine retention
14.Urinary hesitancy
15.Decreased sweating
Contra-indications of Dicyclomine1.Hypersensitivity to Dicyclomine and other anticholinergic drugs
2.Narrow angle glaucoma
3.Obstructive gastro intestinal tract
4.Obstructive uropathy
5.Reflux oesophagitis
6.Severe ulcerative colitis
7.Myasthenia gravis
8.Unstable cardiovascular status in acute haemorrhage
Special Precautions while taking Dicyclomine1.Renal impairment
2.Hepatic impairment
3.Heart failure
4.Prostatic hypertrophy
5.Hiatus hernia associated
6.Hyperthyroidism
7.Autonomic neuropathy
8.Ulcerative colitis
9.Arrhythmia
10.Hypertension
11.Coronary artery disease
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with caution.Old Age Related InformationUse with caution.Breast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationUse with caution.
NEONATES: contraindicatedIndications for Dicyclomine1. Irritable bowel syndrome
2.Colicky pain
Interactions for DicyclomineN/ATypical Dosage for DicyclomineAdult:
Oral: 80 mg / day in 4 divided doses 30 - 60 minutes before meals. Depending on the patient`s response dose can be increased to 160 mg / day in 4 divided doses after 1 week.
Children:
Infant colic: 5 - 10 mg every 6 - 8 hours, 15 minutes before each feed; dose is depending on the patient`s response and age.
Schedule of DicyclomineHStorage Requirements for DicyclomineStore at 15 - 30 degree C in a tightly closed container. Protect from light.Keep out of the reach of children
Effects of Missed Dosage of DicyclomineTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of DicyclomineGive supportive measures and symptomatic treatment. Drug can be removed from the body by gastric lavage or by inducing emesis. Absorption of the drug can be reduced by administration of activated charcoal. Physostigmine is given to block the overdose symptoms of Dicyclomine.Home Delivery for Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin + Dicyclomine in Your City
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Tinidazole + Ciprofloxacin + Dicyclomine is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for tinidazole + ciprofloxacin + dicyclomine might be better known than tinidazole + ciprofloxacin + dicyclomine itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have tinidazole + ciprofloxacin + dicyclomine in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for tinidazole + ciprofloxacin + dicyclomine.
