Butorphanol Tartarate Pharmacology

Butorphanol Tartarate

About Butorphanol Tartarate
Centrally acting, morphinan-type synthetic opioid agonist-antagonist, Narcotic Analgesic.
Mechanism of Action of Butorphanol Tartarate
This drug act on the Opioid receptors present in the CNS. It has mixed agonistic -antagonistic action on mu receptors and agonistic action on kappa receptors. These interactions on the receptors produce analgesia. At higher doses it has agonistic action on sigma receptors.It is classified as synthetic agonistic-antagonistic analgesic.
Pharmacokinets of Butorphanol Tartarate
Absorption-Well absorbed after intramuscular, intravenous and nasal administration.Distribution - Widely distributed in the body.80 to 83% bound to the plasma protein. It crosses the placenta.
Metabolism-Its metabolism takes place in the liver primarily by hydroxylation to its inactive metabolites.
Excretion - Excreted through urine and faeces.
Onset of Action for Butorphanol Tartarate
2 to 3 min. after i.v administration.
-10 to 15 min. after i.m. administration.
-15 min .after nasal application.
Duration of Action for Butorphanol Tartarate
3 to 4 hrs in the case of i.v and i.m administration. - 4 to 5hrs in the case of nasal application.
Half Life of Butorphanol Tartarate
18 hrs
Side Effects of Butorphanol Tartarate
1.Nausea
2. Vomiting
3. Sweating
4. Pruritis
5. Dizzines
6. Confusion
7. Anxiety
8. Euphoria
9. Hallucination
10. Hostality
11. Physical dependence
12. Constipation
13. Paradoxical CNS excitation
14. Hypertension.
Contra-indications of Butorphanol Tartarate
1.Hypersensitivity to this drug or preservative benzethonium chloride.
2.Opioid dependant patients
Special Precautions while taking Butorphanol Tartarate
1. Renal impairment or hepatic impairment.
2. Hypertension
3. Head injury
4. Myocardial infarction
Pregnancy Related Information
Contraindicated.
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution.
Breast Feeding Related Information
Use with caution.
Children Related Information
N/A
Indications for Butorphanol Tartarate
1. Post operative pain
2. Preoperative pain
3. Pre anaesthetic medication
4. Balanced anesthesia supplement
5. Pain in cancer
6. Pain during labour
Interactions for Butorphanol Tartarate
Concurrent use of butorphanol with CNS depressants, results in increased CNS depressant effect. Butorphanol should not be used along with MAO inhibitors and for 14 days after their discontinuation.
Typical Dosage for Butorphanol Tartarate
Intravenous-
Adults - 0.5 to 2mg i.v every 3-4 hrs for pain.
2mg before surgery for induction, followed by 0.5 to 1 mg for increments during anesthesia.
1-2mg once in 4 hrs during labour.
Intramuscular-
Adults-2mg every 3 to 4 hrs.for pain
2 mg i.m. 60 to 90 min before surgery for preoperative or post anesthesia.
Nasal-
Adults-1mg followed by 1mg after 60 to 90 min if pain relief is inadequate every3 to 4 hrs.
Schedule of Butorphanol Tartarate
N/A
Storage Requirements for Butorphanol Tartarate
Store at a temperature below 30 degree Celsius.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Butorphanol Tartarate
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Butorphanol Tartarate
Given symptomatic and supportive treatment. Inject an antagonist i.e. naloxone through i.v.

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Butorphanol Tartarate is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for butorphanol tartarate might be better known than butorphanol tartarate itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have butorphanol tartarate in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for butorphanol tartarate.