Diclofenac Potassium + Famotidine Pharmacology

Diclofenac Potassium + Famotidine

About Diclofenac Potassium + Famotidine
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Mechanism of Action of Diclofenac Potassium + Famotidine
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Pharmacokinets of Diclofenac Potassium + Famotidine
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Onset of Action for Diclofenac Potassium + Famotidine
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Duration of Action for Diclofenac Potassium + Famotidine
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Half Life of Diclofenac Potassium + Famotidine
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Side Effects of Diclofenac Potassium + Famotidine
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Contra-indications of Diclofenac Potassium + Famotidine
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Special Precautions while taking Diclofenac Potassium + Famotidine
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Pregnancy Related Information
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Old Age Related Information
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Breast Feeding Related Information
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Children Related Information
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Indications for Diclofenac Potassium + Famotidine
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Interactions for Diclofenac Potassium + Famotidine
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Typical Dosage for Diclofenac Potassium + Famotidine
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Schedule of Diclofenac Potassium + Famotidine
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Storage Requirements for Diclofenac Potassium + Famotidine
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Effects of Missed Dosage of Diclofenac Potassium + Famotidine
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Effects of Overdose of Diclofenac Potassium + Famotidine
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Diclofenac Potassium

About Diclofenac Potassium
NSAID, anti-inflammatory ,antipyretic and analgesic.
Mechanism of Action of Diclofenac Potassium
Diclofenac possess analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic action. It inhibits the enzyme cyclo-oxygenase and there by inhibits the synthesis of Prostaglandins (((PGs))). It is more potent against cyclo-oxygenase-2 enzyme as compared to other NSAIDs like Indomethacin, Naproxen etc. It reduces intracellular concentrations of free arachidonic acid in leukocyte by altering its release or uptake.
Pharmacokinets of Diclofenac Potassium
Absorption: Diclofenac potassium is rapidly absorbed after oral administration. It undergoes first pass metabolism. Distribution: It is distributed in highly protein bound form. Metabolism: Diclofenac potassium is metabolised in the liver to mainly 4 hydroxy Diclofenac. Excretion: Drug and metabolites are primarily excreted in urine and some amount in the bile.
Onset of Action for Diclofenac Potassium
Analgesic action: with in 60 minutes and Antirheumatic action with in 2 weeks
Duration of Action for Diclofenac Potassium
12hours
Half Life of Diclofenac Potassium
1-2 hours
Side Effects of Diclofenac Potassium
1.Nausea
2.Vomiting
3.Anorexia
4.Diarrhoea
5.Gastrointestinal bleeding
6.Abdominal distress
7.Constipation
8.Flatulence
9.Ulceration of the stomach or intestine
10.Dyspepsia
11.Headache
12.Dizziness
13.Rash
Contra-indications of Diclofenac Potassium
1.Hypersensitivity to Diclofenac and other Non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs(((NSAID)))
2.Peptic ulcer
3.Asthma
Special Precautions while taking Diclofenac Potassium
1.Hepatic impairment
2.Renal impairment
3.Hypertension
4.Blood clotting disorders
5.Gastrointestinal diseases
6.Proctitis
7.Asthma
8.Cautioned against driving, operating or activities requiring concentration
9.Avoid alcohol
10.Heart failure
Pregnancy Related Information
Contraindicated
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution
Breast Feeding Related Information
Contraindicated
Children Related Information
Use with caution
CHILDREN below 14: contraindicated
Indications for Diclofenac Potassium
1.Rheumatoid arthritis
2.Ankylosing spondylitis
3.Acute gout
4.Joint disorders e.g. inflammatory disease in joints, crystal deposition in the joints
5.Osteoarthritis
6.For the relief of pain and inflammation in dental minor surgery and orthopedic
7.Dysmenorrhoea
8.Migraine
Interactions for Diclofenac Potassium
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Typical Dosage for Diclofenac Potassium
Adult: 100 - 150 mg / day in 2 - 3 divided doses.
For the relief of pain, Migraine, Dysmenorrhoea: 150 mg / day in 3 divided doses.
Osteoarthritis: 50 mg 2 - 3 times daily
Rheumatoid arthritis: 150 - 200 mg / day in 3 - 4 divided doses.
Schedule of Diclofenac Potassium
H
Storage Requirements for Diclofenac Potassium
Store Diclofenac potassium at room temperature in a tightly closed light resistant container.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Diclofenac Potassium
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Diclofenac Potassium
Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment. Drug can be removed from the body by gastric lavage or by inducing emesis. Absorption of the drug can be reduced by administration of activated charcoal.

Famotidine

About Famotidine
Guanidine:Thiazole derivative,a histamine H2-receptor antagonist, Anti-secretory,Antiulcer.
Mechanism of Action of Famotidine
Famotidine is a H2 (Histamine) receptor antagonist. Histamine is the most potent stimulus of acid secretion and acts as the common mediator. H2 receptor is a G-protein coupled receptor. It induces adenylate cyclase which converts ATP to cyclic AMP. This cyclic AMP acts on proton pump and exchange extracellular potassium ion for intracellular hydrogen ion across the parietal cell membrane. Famotidine reversibly competes with Histamine for binding to H2 receptors on the parietal cells and predominantly inhibits basal acid secretion.
Anaesthetic adjuncts: It is used in patients undergoing prolonged operations, caesarian section; obese patients are at increased risk of gastric regurgitation and aspiration pneumonia. It raises pH of gastric juice and also reduces its volume and thus chances of regurgitation. It is now routinely used before prolonged surgery.
Pharmacokinets of Famotidine
Absorption: Famotidine is 40 - 45 % absorbed after oral administration. Distribution: Distributed mainly in unbound form. Metabolism: Famotidine undergoes metabolism in the liver. Excretion: It is excreted mainly in urine and in the faeces.
Onset of Action for Famotidine
60 minutes
Duration of Action for Famotidine
2.5-3.5 hours
Half Life of Famotidine
2.5 - 3.5 hours
Side Effects of Famotidine
1.Headache
2.Dizziness
3.Constipation
4.Diarrhoea
5.Nausea
6.Vertigo
7.Confusion
8.Rash
9.Thrombocytopenia
10.Leukopenia
Contra-indications of Famotidine
1. Hypersensitivity to Famotidine
Special Precautions while taking Famotidine
1.Hepatic impairment
2.Renal impairment
3.Acute Porphyria
Pregnancy Related Information
Use with caution.
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution.
Breast Feeding Related Information
Use with caution.
Children Related Information
Use with caution.
NEONATES: contraindicated
Indications for Famotidine
1.Duodenal ulcer
2.Benign gastric ulcer
3.Zollinger- Ellison syndrome
4.Gastroesophageal reflux diseases
5.Acid indigestion
6.Heart burn
7.Sour stomach
8.Preanaesthetic medication (PAM)
Interactions for Famotidine
Antacids: Bioavailability of Famotidine slightly decreased, hence antacids in small doses can be given concomitantly.
Typical Dosage for Famotidine
Adult: 40mg / day
Duodenal ulcer, benign gastric ulcer: 40 mg /day as single dose at bed time or in 2 divided dose (morning and bed time) for 1 - 2 months. Maintenance dose: 20 mg / day at bed time.
Zollinger- Ellison syndrome: 80mg / day in 4 divided doses; dose can be increased if necessary to a maximum up to 800 mg / day
Gastroesophageal reflux disease: 40 mg / day as single dose at bed time or in 2 divided doses (morning and bed time) for maximum 2-3 months, dose can be increased to 80 mg / day in 2 divided doses if needed.
Acid indigestion, Heart burn, Sour stomach: Dose: 20mg/day in 2 divided doses.
PAM: 20mg given night before and in the morning before surgical procedure.
Schedule of Famotidine
H
Storage Requirements for Famotidine
Store at 15 - 30 degree C in a tightly closed container. Protect from light.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Famotidine
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Famotidine
Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment. Drug can be removed from the body by inducing emesis and or by gastric lavage. Activated charcoal is given to reduce the absorption of the drug. Haemodialysis can be done if necessary.

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