Iron (Ferrous sulphate) + Minerals + Folic acid Pharmacology

Iron (Ferrous sulphate) + Minerals + Folic acid

About Iron (Ferrous sulphate) + Minerals + Folic acid
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Mechanism of Action of Iron (Ferrous sulphate) + Minerals + Folic acid
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Pharmacokinets of Iron (Ferrous sulphate) + Minerals + Folic acid
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Onset of Action for Iron (Ferrous sulphate) + Minerals + Folic acid
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Duration of Action for Iron (Ferrous sulphate) + Minerals + Folic acid
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Half Life of Iron (Ferrous sulphate) + Minerals + Folic acid
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Side Effects of Iron (Ferrous sulphate) + Minerals + Folic acid
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Contra-indications of Iron (Ferrous sulphate) + Minerals + Folic acid
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Special Precautions while taking Iron (Ferrous sulphate) + Minerals + Folic acid
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Pregnancy Related Information
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Old Age Related Information
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Breast Feeding Related Information
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Children Related Information
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Indications for Iron (Ferrous sulphate) + Minerals + Folic acid
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Interactions for Iron (Ferrous sulphate) + Minerals + Folic acid
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Typical Dosage for Iron (Ferrous sulphate) + Minerals + Folic acid
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Schedule of Iron (Ferrous sulphate) + Minerals + Folic acid
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Storage Requirements for Iron (Ferrous sulphate) + Minerals + Folic acid
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Effects of Missed Dosage of Iron (Ferrous sulphate) + Minerals + Folic acid
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Effects of Overdose of Iron (Ferrous sulphate) + Minerals + Folic acid
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Iron (Ferrous sulphate)

About Iron (Ferrous sulphate)
Oral iron preparation, Antianemic,hematinic.
Mechanism of Action of Iron (Ferrous sulphate)
Ferrous sulfate is used as a source of iron for iron-deficiency anaemia. It is given by mouth; the dried form is often used in solid dosage forms and the heptahydrate in liquid dosage forms. Usual doses of dried ferrous sulfate are up to 600 mg daily (equivalent to 180 to 195 mg of iron daily,).
Ferrous sulfate oxidised with nitric and sulfuric acids yields ferric subsulfate solution, also known as Monsel`s solution, which has been used as a haemostatic. It exerts haematinic action by being an essential constituent of haemoglobin. It is necessary for the oxidative process of living tissues.
Pharmacokinets of Iron (Ferrous sulphate)
Absorption: Absorbed orally in ferrous form and poorly absorbed in healthy individuals (about 10%) but in patients suffering from iron deficiency anaemia up to 60% dose is absorbed. Distribution: Transported in a transferrin bound form in to bone marrow for incorporation in to haemoglobin. Metabolism: Iron liberated by destruction of haemoglobin is reused by the body. Excretion: Excretion of iron is minimal. Loss usually occurs in nails, faeces, urine, hair, sweat, and bile.
Onset of Action for Iron (Ferrous sulphate)
N/A
Duration of Action for Iron (Ferrous sulphate)
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Half Life of Iron (Ferrous sulphate)
N/A
Side Effects of Iron (Ferrous sulphate)
1.Nausea
2.Epigasttric distress
3.Vomiting
4.Constipation
5.Diarrhoea
6.Black stools
7.Temporary staining of teeth with liquid formulations.
Contra-indications of Iron (Ferrous sulphate)
1.Haemolytic anaemia unless iron deficiency anaemia is also present
2.Haemochromatosis
3.Haemosiderosis
4.Peptic ulcer
5.Regional enteritis
6.Ulcerative colitis
7.Those receiving repeated blood transfusions.
Special Precautions while taking Iron (Ferrous sulphate)
1. Prolonged use
2. Minimise gastrointestinal discomfort by taking along with meals and gradually increasing the recommended dosage
3. Discontinue if intolerance occurs
4. Higher doses are required for geriatric patients
Pregnancy Related Information
May be used
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution
Breast Feeding Related Information
May be used
Children Related Information
Use with caution
Indications for Iron (Ferrous sulphate)
1. Iron deficiency
2. Iron deficiency anaemia
Interactions for Iron (Ferrous sulphate)
N/A
Typical Dosage for Iron (Ferrous sulphate)
Adults: 100 to 300mg; twice daily. Increases the dosage based on patient`s response if required up to 300mg 4 times daily.
Children (age 2 to 12): 3mg/kg/day in three to four divided doses
Children (age 6months to 2years): 3 to 6mg/kg/day in three to four divided doses
Infants: 10 to 25mg/day in three to four divided doses.
Schedule of Iron (Ferrous sulphate)
H
Storage Requirements for Iron (Ferrous sulphate)
Store in a well closed container in a cool dry place. Protect from light.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Iron (Ferrous sulphate)
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Iron (Ferrous sulphate)
Treatment includes immediate support of airway, respiration, and circulation. In conscious patients induce emesis with ipecac; if not empty stomach by gastric lavage. Follow emesis with lavage, using a 1% sodium bicarbonate solution to convert iron to less irritating poorly absorbed form. Take abdominal X-ray to determine presence of excess iron. Deferoxamine may be used for systemic chelation if serum levels of iron exceed 350mg/dl.

Minerals

About Minerals
Dietary mineral supplement, Nutritional supplement.
Mechanism of Action of Minerals
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Pharmacokinets of Minerals
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Onset of Action for Minerals
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Duration of Action for Minerals
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Half Life of Minerals
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Side Effects of Minerals
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Contra-indications of Minerals
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Special Precautions while taking Minerals
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Pregnancy Related Information
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Old Age Related Information
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Breast Feeding Related Information
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Children Related Information
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Indications for Minerals
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Interactions for Minerals
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Typical Dosage for Minerals
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Schedule of Minerals
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Storage Requirements for Minerals
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Effects of Missed Dosage of Minerals
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Effects of Overdose of Minerals
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Folic Acid

About Folic Acid
Dietary supplement, Folate derivative( B9 ), Water Soluble Vitamin.
Mechanism of Action of Folic Acid
Folic acid reduced by enzymes folate reductase and dihydrofolate reductase and forms dihydrofolic acid tetrahydrofolic acid respectively. Tetrahydrofolic acid acts as a coenzyme which mediates a number of one carbon transfer reactions by carrying a methyl group as an adduct. It involves a number of reactions such as 1).conversion of homocysteine to methionine. 2).synthesis of thymidylate which is an essential constituent of DNA from methylene-tetrahydrofolic acid. 3). Conversion of serine to glycine by tetrahydrofolic acid and forms methylene-tetrahydrofolic acid. 4).to introduce carbon units at position 2 and 8 during de novo purine synthesis requires formyl-tetrahydrofolic acid and methenyl-tetrahydrofolic acid.5).generation and utilization of "formate pool". 6).For mediating formino group transfer in histidine metabolism. Folic acid is required to maintain normal erythropoiesis and nucleoprotein synthesis.
Pharmacokinets of Folic Acid
Absorption: Well absorbed orally
Distribution: Widely distributed in the body and highest concentration is seen in liver. It appears in the CSF and breast milk
Metabolism: Metabolized in to N-methyl tetrahydrofolic acid in liver
Excretion: Extra drug is excreted unchanged in urine. A small portion of folate is lost by a combination of urinary and fecal excretion and oxidative cleavage of molecule.
Onset of Action for Folic Acid
Oral: 20 to 30minutes
I.V.: 5 minutes
I.M.:10 to 20minutes
Duration of Action for Folic Acid
Oral: 3 to 6 hours
I.V.:3 to 6minutes
I.M.:3 to 6hours
Half Life of Folic Acid
N/A
Side Effects of Folic Acid
N/A
Contra-indications of Folic Acid
N/A
Special Precautions while taking Folic Acid
1. In patients with undiagnosed anaemia; because it may mask pernicious anaemia
2. In pernicious anaemia and other megaloblastic where vitamin B12 is deficient
Pregnancy Related Information
May be used
Old Age Related Information
May be used
Breast Feeding Related Information
May be used
Children Related Information
May be used
Indications for Folic Acid
1. Megaloblastic anaemia
2. Folic acid deficiency
3. Anaemias of pregnancy
4. Nutritional anaemia
5. Alcoholism
6. Tropical sprue
7. Non tropical sprue
Interactions for Folic Acid
1. Hypersensitivity reactions with injection form
2. Bronchospasm
Typical Dosage for Folic Acid
Oral: 5mg 1 to 4 times daily; depending up on the severity of deficiency.
Maintenance dosage: Half of the therapeutic dosage.
Children: 2.5 to 5mg 1 to 2 times daily.
Schedule of Folic Acid
C1 (Oral)
C (Parenteral)
Storage Requirements for Folic Acid
Store at controlled room temperature at a range of 15 to 25 degree C in a well closed container. Protect from excess heat, light and moisture.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Folic Acid
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Folic Acid
Relatively non toxic. Provide symptomatic treatment and supportive measures.

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