Gamma linolenic acid + Vit B12 Pharmacology

Gamma linolenic acid + Vit B12

About Gamma linolenic acid + Vit B12
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Mechanism of Action of Gamma linolenic acid + Vit B12
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Pharmacokinets of Gamma linolenic acid + Vit B12
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Onset of Action for Gamma linolenic acid + Vit B12
N/A
Duration of Action for Gamma linolenic acid + Vit B12
N/A
Half Life of Gamma linolenic acid + Vit B12
N/A
Side Effects of Gamma linolenic acid + Vit B12
N/A
Contra-indications of Gamma linolenic acid + Vit B12
N/A
Special Precautions while taking Gamma linolenic acid + Vit B12
N/A
Pregnancy Related Information
N/A
Old Age Related Information
N/A
Breast Feeding Related Information
N/A
Children Related Information
N/A
Indications for Gamma linolenic acid + Vit B12
N/A
Interactions for Gamma linolenic acid + Vit B12
N/A
Typical Dosage for Gamma linolenic acid + Vit B12
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Schedule of Gamma linolenic acid + Vit B12
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Storage Requirements for Gamma linolenic acid + Vit B12
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Effects of Missed Dosage of Gamma linolenic acid + Vit B12
N/A
Effects of Overdose of Gamma linolenic acid + Vit B12
N/A

Gamma linolenic acid

About Gamma linolenic acid
An essential Fatty acid(omega-6 family), A dietary supplement with antiinflammatory.
Mechanism of Action of Gamma linolenic acid
GLA is metabolized to the 20-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acid DGLA, which is cyclooxygenated to prostaglandin E1 (PGE1). PGE1 elicits biologic activities by binding to surface receptors on smooth muscle cells, increasing intracellular cAMP.
GLA, via conversion to PGE1, exhibits anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, antiproliferative, and lipid-lowering potential. It also enhances smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation. In addition, EFAs including GLA are important constituents of membrane phospholipids, including the mitochondrial membrane, where they enhance the integrity and the fluidity of the membrane. Studies have shown that GLA has a role in management of Dry eye, Atopic eczema and cyclical mastalgia (pre-menstrual breast pain).
Pharmacokinets of Gamma linolenic acid
N/A
Onset of Action for Gamma linolenic acid
N/A
Duration of Action for Gamma linolenic acid
N/A
Half Life of Gamma linolenic acid
N/A
Side Effects of Gamma linolenic acid
1.Upset stomach
2.Diarrhea
3.Soft stool
4.Bloating
5.Gas
Contra-indications of Gamma linolenic acid
N/A
Special Precautions while taking Gamma linolenic acid
N/A
Pregnancy Related Information
N/A
Old Age Related Information
N/A
Breast Feeding Related Information
N/A
Children Related Information
N/A
Indications for Gamma linolenic acid
N/A
Interactions for Gamma linolenic acid
1.Phenothiazines and anticonvulsants due to an increased incidence of seizures.
2.Even though no cases are known of interaction with anticoagulant medications, it may be prudent to closely monitor concomitant usage.
3.Gamma Linolenic acid is shown to reduce tremors from lithium use in manic depressives.
Typical Dosage for Gamma linolenic acid
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Schedule of Gamma linolenic acid
N/A
Storage Requirements for Gamma linolenic acid
N/A
Effects of Missed Dosage of Gamma linolenic acid
N/A
Effects of Overdose of Gamma linolenic acid
N/A

Vit B12

About Vit B12
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Mechanism of Action of Vit B12
Vitamin B12 is an essential constituent for growth, cell reproduction, hematopoiesis, and nucleoprotein and myelin synthesis. Vitamin B12 is converted in to coenzyme B12 in the tissues which is essential for conversion of methyl-malonate to succinate and synthesis of methionine from homocystine. It is also associated with fat and carbohydrate metabolism and protein synthesis. Cells characterized by rapid division such as epithelial cells, bone marrow, and myeloid cells appear to have greatest requirement of Cyanocobalamin.
Pharmacokinets of Vit B12
Absorption: Absorbed irregularly after oral administration and absorption depends on Ca and intrinsic factor. It is also administered subcutaneously and intramuscularly.
Distribution: Distributed in to liver, bone marrow, and other tissues. It crosses the placenta and appears in breast milk.
Metabolism: It is metabolized in liver.
Excretion: In normal dosage it is reabsorbed from bile and a minute portion is excreted through urine but the extra drug is excreted through urine.
Onset of Action for Vit B12
N/A
Duration of Action for Vit B12
N/A
Half Life of Vit B12
N/A
Side Effects of Vit B12
1. Anaphylaxis
2. Anaphylactoid reactions
3. Pain and burning sensation at injection site
4. Itching
5. Urticaria
6. Transient diarrhea
7. Peripheral vascular thrombosis
8. Pulmonary oedema
Contra-indications of Vit B12
1. Hypersensitivity to the drug
2. Leber`s disease
Special Precautions while taking Vit B12
1. Anemic patients with coexisting cardiac, pulmonary and hypertensive diseases.
Pregnancy Related Information
May be used
Old Age Related Information
May be used
Breast Feeding Related Information
May be used
Children Related Information
Use with caution
NEONATES : Use with caution
Indications for Vit B12
1. Vitamin B12 deficiency
2. Pernicious Anaemia
3. Peripheral neuropathy (diabetic, alcoholic, and drug induced)
Interactions for Vit B12
N/A
Typical Dosage for Vit B12
I.M., S.C.:
Pernicious Anaemia: 100mcg daily for 1 week followed by the same dose given on alternate days for 7 doses and then every 3 to 4days for another 3 weeks. This regimen should be followed by 100mcg monthly for life. Concurrently administer folic acid if required.
Vitamin B12 deficiency other than pernicious Anaemia: 30mcg daily for 5 to 10days depending up on the severity of the condition.
Maintenance dosage: 100 to 200mcg once monthly.
Children: 100mcg I.M. or S.C. over the course of 2 or more weeks.
Maintenance dosage: 60mcg monthly I.M. or S.C.
Schilling test flushing dose:
Adults and Children: 1000mcg I.M. in single dose
Recommended RDA (recommended dietary allowance) for Vitamin B12:
Infants up to 6months of age: 0.3mcg.
Children age 6 months to 1 year: 0.5mcg.
Children age 1 to 3: 0.7mcg.
Children age 4 to 6: 1mcg.
Children age 7 to 10: 1.4mcg.
Children age 11 to adult: 2mcg..
Pregnant women: 2.2mcg.
Breast feeding women: 2.6mcg.
Schedule of Vit B12
C
Storage Requirements for Vit B12
Store at room temperature range of 15 to 30 degree C.in a light resistant well closed container in a dry place.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Vit B12
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Vit B12
Not applicable. Even in large doses Vitamin B12 isn`t usually toxic.

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