Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine Pharmacology

Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine

About Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine
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Mechanism of Action of Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine
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Pharmacokinets of Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine
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Onset of Action for Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine
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Duration of Action for Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine
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Half Life of Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine
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Side Effects of Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine
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Contra-indications of Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine
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Special Precautions while taking Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine
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Pregnancy Related Information
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Old Age Related Information
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Breast Feeding Related Information
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Children Related Information
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Indications for Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine
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Interactions for Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine
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Typical Dosage for Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine
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Schedule of Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine
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Storage Requirements for Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine
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Effects of Missed Dosage of Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine
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Effects of Overdose of Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine
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Isopropamide

About Isopropamide
Adrenergic Beta1and Beta2 Agonist, Antiasthmatic , Cardiac stimulant.
Mechanism of Action of Isopropamide
Isopropamide is an anticholinergic drug. It exerts its action by inhibiting muscarinic cholinergic receptors on smooth muscles, cardiac muscles and prevents the effect of Acetylcholine. Inhibition of Acetylcholine produces relaxation of smooth muscles and prevents the muscle spasm in irritable bowel syndrome. It crosses the Blood brain barrier.
Pharmacokinets of Isopropamide
Distribution: Isopropamide cross the blood brain barrier. .
Onset of Action for Isopropamide
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Duration of Action for Isopropamide
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Half Life of Isopropamide
N/A
Side Effects of Isopropamide
1.Dry mouth
2.Constipation
3.Blurred vision
4.Restlessness
5.Insomnia
6.Urinary hesitancy
7.Urine retention
8.Palpitation
9.Tachycardia
Contra-indications of Isopropamide
1.Narrow angle glaucoma
2.Obstructive gastro intestinal tract
3.Obstructive uropathy
4.Intestinal atony
5.Paralytic ileus
6.Pyloric stenosis
7.Prostatic hypertrophy
8.Toxic megacolon in ulcerative colitis
Special Precautions while taking Isopropamide
1.Cardiovascular diseases
2.Hiatus hernia associated with reflux oesophagitis
3.Hyperthyroidism
4.Use caution while performing driving or performing other works requiring mental alertness.
Pregnancy Related Information
Use with caution
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution
Breast Feeding Related Information
Use with caution
Children Related Information
Contraindicated

Indications for Isopropamide
1.Peptic ulcer
2.Gastritis
3.Hyperchlorhydria
4.Irritable or spastic colon
Interactions for Isopropamide
N/A
Typical Dosage for Isopropamide
Adult: 10 mg / day in 2 divided doses
Children: not recommended.
Schedule of Isopropamide
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Storage Requirements for Isopropamide
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Effects of Missed Dosage of Isopropamide
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Effects of Overdose of Isopropamide
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Trifluoperazine

About Trifluoperazine
First-Generation Antipsychotic, piperazine-phenothiazine derivative, Typical Antipsychotic, antiemetic,antimanic.
Mechanism of Action of Trifluoperazine
Antipsychotic action: Trifluoperazine binds to the dopamine receptor (D1, D2, D3 &D4).It exerts its antipsychotic activity by blocking the dopamine projections in the limbic system and in mesocortical area. Peripherally and centrally it acts as a competitive Dopamine antagonist. Trifluoperazine also produces alpha adrenergic blocking activity and anticholinergic activity. It also produces weak H1 antihistaminic activity and anti serotonin activity.
Antiemetic activity: Antiemetic activity is by blocking dopamine receptor (D2 receptor) in the Chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ)
Pharmacokinets of Trifluoperazine
Absorption: It is absorbed after oral administration.
Distribution: It is distributed widely in the body in protein bound form.
Metabolism: It is metabolised in the liver.
Excretion: It is excreted mainly through urine. Small amount of drug is excreted through faeces and breast milk.
Onset of Action for Trifluoperazine
30 - 60 minutes
Duration of Action for Trifluoperazine
4- 6 hours
Half Life of Trifluoperazine
3 - 22 hours
Side Effects of Trifluoperazine
1. Tardive dyskinesia
2. Extrapyramidal reactions
3. Drowsiness
4. Sedation
5. Dizziness
6. Hypotension
7. Dry mouth
8. Constipation
9. Blurred vision
10. Agranulocytosis
11. Photosensitivity
12. Insomnia
13. Weight gain
14. Cholestatic jaundice
Contra-indications of Trifluoperazine
1. Hypersensitivity to Trifluoperazine and other Phenothiazines
2. Comatose
3. Blood dyscrasias
4. Patient taking antidepressants
5. Liver damage
Special Precautions while taking Trifluoperazine
1. Renal impairment
2. Hepatic impairment
3. Cardiovascular disease
4. Pheochromocytoma
5. Hypocalcaemia
6. Epilepsy
7. Cholestatic jaundice
8. Patient exposed to extreme heat or cold or phosphorus insecticides
9. Ceribrovascular disorder
10. Patient on ECT
11. Reaction to Insulin
12. Prostatic hyperplasia
13. Glaucoma
14. Peptic ulcer, slowly withdraw the drug with caution
Pregnancy Related Information
Contraindicated
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution
Breast Feeding Related Information
Contraindicated
Children Related Information
Below 6years : Contraindicated
Indications for Trifluoperazine
1. Psychoses
2. Schizophrenia
3. Antiemetic
4. Anxiety
5. Behavioural disturbances
6. Mania
Interactions for Trifluoperazine
Alcohol: CNS depression, extra-pyramidal reactions.
Almunium Salts: Decrease efficacy. Antacids should be given 1 hour before or 2 hours after chlorpromazine.
Anticholinergics: Decrease efficacy and increase the anticholinergic side effects of chlorpromazine.
Barbiturates: Decreases efficacy.
Barbiturate anaesthetics: Increase frequency and severity of neuromuscular excitation and hypotension.
Bromocriptine: Efficacy decreased by chlorpromazine.
Charcoal: Prevents absorption of chlorpromazine.
Epinephrine, Norepinephrine: Pressor effect decreased, peripheral vasoconstrictive effect antagonised.
Lithium: Disorientation, unconsciousness and extra-pyramidal symptoms.
Meperidine: Excessive sedation and hypotension.
TCAs: Serum concentration increased by chlorpromazine.
Valproic acid: Efficacy potentiated.
Propranolol: Increased plasma levels of both drugs.
MAOIs: Additive orthostatic hypotensive effect.
Lab. Tests: Pregnancy tests: False positive results.
Plasma bound iodine (PBI): Increase in PBI occurs.
Typical Dosage for Trifluoperazine
Adult:
Psychoses, Schizophrenia
Out patients: 2 - 4 mg / day in 2 divided doses. Dose can be increased depending on the severity of the disease.
Inpatients: 4 - 10 mg / day in 2 divided doses. Dose can be gradually increased up to 40 mg / day.
Antiemetic, Anxiety: 1 - 2 mg twice daily. Dose can be increased up to 6 mg / day in some case.

Children:
Psychoses, Schizophrenia: 1 - 2 mg / day. Dose can be gradually increased up to 15 mg / day.
Schedule of Trifluoperazine
H
Storage Requirements for Trifluoperazine
The drug should be kept at 25 degree C in a tightly closed container. Protect from heat and light. Keep out of the reach of children.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Trifluoperazine
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time to take the next dose then skip the missed dose.
Effects of Overdose of Trifluoperazine
Give supportive measures and treatment. Gastric lavage has to be done. Activated charcoal can be given to reduce the absorption of the drug. Hypotension can be treated with IV fluids, seizure with Diazepam or Barbiturates, arrhythmia with Phenytoin and extra pyramidal reactions with Benztropine.

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