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- Pharmacology For Phenylephrine + Dimethindene Maleate
Phenylephrine + Dimethindene Maleate Pharmacology
Phenylephrine + Dimethindene Maleate
About Phenylephrine + Dimethindene MaleateN/AMechanism of Action of Phenylephrine + Dimethindene MaleateN/APharmacokinets of Phenylephrine + Dimethindene MaleateN/AOnset of Action for Phenylephrine + Dimethindene MaleateN/ADuration of Action for Phenylephrine + Dimethindene MaleateN/AHalf Life of Phenylephrine + Dimethindene MaleateN/ASide Effects of Phenylephrine + Dimethindene Maleate1.Irregular heartbeat
2.Headache
3.Increased sweating
Contra-indications of Phenylephrine + Dimethindene MaleateN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Phenylephrine + Dimethindene MaleateN/APregnancy Related InformationN/AOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Phenylephrine + Dimethindene Maleate1.Common cold
2.Acute and chronic rhinitis
3.Seasonal and non seasonal allergic rhinitis
4.Acute and chronic rhinitis
Interactions for Phenylephrine + Dimethindene MaleateN/ATypical Dosage for Phenylephrine + Dimethindene MaleateAdult and children over 6 years: After blowing the nose carefully, apply as deeply as possible into each nostril, 3 to 4 times a day. One application at bedtime keeps the nose clear for the nightSchedule of Phenylephrine + Dimethindene MaleateN/AStorage Requirements for Phenylephrine + Dimethindene MaleateStore below 25 degree celcius in a well closed container. Protect from heat. Do not use if solution is brown. Keep out of the reach of childrenEffects of Missed Dosage of Phenylephrine + Dimethindene MaleateN/AEffects of Overdose of Phenylephrine + Dimethindene MaleateN/APhenylephrine
About PhenylephrineAn a1-adrenergic receptor agonist, Phenethylamine derivative, Decongestant, Antiglaucoma, Mydriatic.Mechanism of Action of PhenylephrineThe drug exerts it`s pharmacological action by acting as a selective alpha-1 adrenergic agonist. It causes vasoconstriction and increases total peripheral resistance and raises blood pressure. It reduces intraocular tension by constricting ciliary body blood vessels and produce mydriasis (without cycloplegia). It exerts nasal decongestant action; by vasoconstrictory action on arterioles of nasal mucosa. It prolongs and localizes the action of anaesthetics due to it`s vasoconstrictory action on skin, mucous membrane, and viscera and thus slows the rate of absorption of local anaesthetics.Pharmacokinets of PhenylephrineAbsorption: Variable depending up on the route of administration. Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver and intestine.Onset of Action for PhenylephrineNasal: Rapid
Ophthalmic: Rapid
I.V.: Rapid
I.M.: Within 15 minutes
Duration of Action for PhenylephrineNasal: ? to 4 hours
Ophthalmic: 3 to 7 hours
I.V.: 15 to 20 minutes
I.M.: ? to 2 hours.
Half Life of PhenylephrineN/ASide Effects of Phenylephrine1.Bradycardia
2.Arrhythmias
3.Hypertension
4.Tachycardia
5.Palpitations
6.Premature ventricular contractions
7.Pallor
8.Headache
9.Dizziness
10.Nervousness
11.Brow ache(with ophthalmic form)
12.Burning or stinging in eye
13.Blurred vision
14.Elevated intraocular pressure
15.Nausea
16.Episodes of asthma
17.Tachyphylaxis
18.Anaphylaxis
Contra-indications of Phenylephrine1.Hypersensitivity to the drug
2.Hyperthyroidism
3.Ventricular tachycardia and severe hypertension (Injected form)
4.Angle closure glaucoma and in those who wear soft contact lenses(ophthalmic form)
Special Precautions while taking Phenylephrine1.Coronary diseases
2.Advanced arteriosclerosis
3.Bradycardia
4.Partial heart block
5.Myocardial diseases
6.Atherosclerosis
7.Hypertension
8.Nasal and ophthalmic form use cautiously in type-1 diabetes mellitus
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationUse with caution
Below age 6:contraindicatedIndications for Phenylephrine1.Hypotension
2.Paroxysmal supra ventricular tachycardia
3.Maintain blood pressure during spinal and inhalation anaesthesia
4.Prolongation of spinal anaesthesia
5.Shock
6.Mydriasis(without cycloplegia)
7.Nasal congestion.
8.Cataract
Interactions for PhenylephrineMay interact with systemically administered MAOIs.Typical Dosage for PhenylephrineI.M. or S.C.: 2 to 5mg. Then if required; give doses up to 10mg.
Slow I.V. injection: 0.1 to 0.5mg. Then if required; repeat after 15 minutes.
I.V. infusion: Starts with 0.18mg/minute. Then adjust the dosage up to 0.03 to 0.06mg/minute based on patient`s response.
Nasal congestion: Apply 2 to 3 drops or 1 to 2 sprays of 0.25% to 1% solution instilled in each nostril.
Mydriasis (without cycloplegia): Instill 1 to 2drops 2.5% or 10% solution in eye. Repeated if required.
Prolongation of spinal anaesthesia: 2 to 5mg added to anaesthetic solution.
Schedule of PhenylephrineN/AStorage Requirements for PhenylephrineStore at controlled room temperature at range of 15 to 30 degree C. in a well closed container. Protect from light.Effects of Missed Dosage of PhenylephrineTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of PhenylephrineDiscontinue the drug and give supportive and symptomatic treatment. Closely monitor vital signs. Use atropine sulfate to block reflex Bradycardia. Treat excessive hypertension with phentolamine. Treat cardiac arrhythmia with propranolol. Treat excessive mydriatic effect with levodopa.
Dimethindene Maleate
About Dimethindene MaleateA first generation histamine H1 antagonist, Antipruritic, anti-allergic agent.Mechanism of Action of Dimethindene MaleateThis drug blocks the receptors of histamine (H1 receptors) centrally and peripherally. This results the inhibition of activation and allergic symptoms produced by histamines. The drug also have some antimuscarinic and serotonic receptor antagonistic actionPharmacokinets of Dimethindene MaleateN/AOnset of Action for Dimethindene MaleateBelow 60minDuration of Action for Dimethindene Maleate6-8 hrsHalf Life of Dimethindene MaleateN/ASide Effects of Dimethindene Maleate1. Sedation
2. CNS excitation
3. Dryness of mouth
4. Thickened respiratory mucus
5. Urinary retention
6. Constipation
7. Tachycardia
8. Arrhythmia
9. Blurred vision
10. Blood dyscriasisContra-indications of Dimethindene Maleate1. Hypersensitivity to the drug
2. Asthma
3. Urinary retention
4. Paralytic ileus
Special Precautions while taking Dimethindene Maleate1. Any work which require mental alertness such as driving and machine operations
2. Closed angle glaucoma
3. Epilepsy
4. GIT obstructionPregnancy Related InformationContraindicated.Old Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationUse with caution
NEONATES- ContraindicatedIndications for Dimethindene Maleate1. Allergic dermatitis
2. Pruritis
3. Ocular allergies
4. Urticaria
5. Angioedema
6. Rhinitis
7. Conjunctivitis
Interactions for Dimethindene MaleateAlchohol & other CNS depressants like barbiturates, analgesics, sedatives, neuroleptics: CNS depressant effect enhanced.
MAOIs, Atropine & TCAs: Antimuscarinic effect enhanced.
Aminoglycosides: Ototoxicity masked, irreversible damage may occur.
Typical Dosage for Dimethindene MaleateOral-
Adult-1 tab for 1-3 times daily
Children (>6yrs) - 1 tab 3 times daily
Children (<6yrs) -1/2 tab 1-3 times daily
Schedule of Dimethindene MaleateN/AStorage Requirements for Dimethindene MaleateStore in a cool dark place.Protect from heat and light.Keep out of the reach of children.Effects of Missed Dosage of Dimethindene MaleateTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the doseEffects of Overdose of Dimethindene MaleateGive symptomatic and supportive treatmentHome Delivery for Phenylephrine + Dimethindene Maleate in Your City
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