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- Pharmacology For Calcium + Calcitriol + Vitamin K2-7
Calcium + Calcitriol + Vitamin K2-7 Pharmacology
Calcium + Calcitriol + Vitamin K2-7
About Calcium + Calcitriol + Vitamin K2-7N/AMechanism of Action of Calcium + Calcitriol + Vitamin K2-7Calcitriol ? Most active form of Vitamin D3 helps in the absorption of calcium absorption.
Vitamin K2-7 carboxylates GCGA proteins and helps in the carrier of calcium.
Pharmacokinets of Calcium + Calcitriol + Vitamin K2-7N/AOnset of Action for Calcium + Calcitriol + Vitamin K2-7N/ADuration of Action for Calcium + Calcitriol + Vitamin K2-7N/AHalf Life of Calcium + Calcitriol + Vitamin K2-7N/ASide Effects of Calcium + Calcitriol + Vitamin K2-7N/AContra-indications of Calcium + Calcitriol + Vitamin K2-7N/ASpecial Precautions while taking Calcium + Calcitriol + Vitamin K2-7N/APregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationMay be usedBreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationUse with cautionIndications for Calcium + Calcitriol + Vitamin K2-7Calcium deficiency states in Osteoporosis, Osteopenia, Osteomalacia & in FracturesInteractions for Calcium + Calcitriol + Vitamin K2-7N/ATypical Dosage for Calcium + Calcitriol + Vitamin K2-7N/ASchedule of Calcium + Calcitriol + Vitamin K2-7N/AStorage Requirements for Calcium + Calcitriol + Vitamin K2-7N/AEffects of Missed Dosage of Calcium + Calcitriol + Vitamin K2-7N/AEffects of Overdose of Calcium + Calcitriol + Vitamin K2-7N/ACalcium
About CalciumCalcium is necessary for cardiac function, muscle contraction, nervous activity, coagulation of blood and for maintaining structural integrity of cell membranes.
Plasma concentration of calcium is kept in normal range by three endocrine factors which control metabolism of calcium. These are (a) Parathyroid hormone, (b) Calcitonin, (c) Vitamin D. Calcium in plasma is bound to albumin, is complexed with anions (e.g. phosphate) and as diffusible ionic calcium. The physiological effects are exerted by ionic calcium. The predominant source of calcium is dairy products and the daily intake varies from 200 - 2500 mg. Adequate calcium intake is particularly important during periods of bone growth in childhood and adolescence and during pregnancy and lactation.
Patients with advanced renal insufficiency exhibit phosphate retention and some degree of hyperphosphataemia. The retention of phosphate plays a pivotal role in causing secondary hyperparathyroidism associated with osteodystrophy and soft tissue calcification. Calcium acetate, when taken with meals, combines with dietary phosphate to form insoluble calcium phosphate which is excreted in the faeces.
Deficiency signs and symptoms: Osteoporosis, pathological fractures, brittle nails and hair.Mechanism of Action of CalciumCalcium is essential for maintaining the functional integrity of nervous, muscular, and skeletal system. It controls excitability of nerves and muscles and regulates permeability of cell membrane. It also regulates cell adhesion and maintains integrity of cell membrane. Calcium acts as intracellular messenger for hormones, autacoids, and transmitters. It is required for excitation-contraction coupling in all types of muscle and excitation-secretion coupling in exocrine and endocrine glands. It is essential for release of transmitters from nerve endings and other release reactions. It is also essential for impulse generation in heart and determines level of automaticity and
A-V conduction. Calcium is also required for blood-coagulation.
Pharmacokinets of CalciumAbsorption: Actively absorbed from gastrointestinal tract in an ionized form; and vitamin D in it`s active form is required for calcium absorption, Distribution: Distributed mainly in to skeletal tissue (99%) and 1% is distributed equally between the intracellular and extra cellular fluid. CSF levels are about half of the serum calcium levels, Metabolism: Not significantly metabolized in the body, Excretion: Excreted mainly through faeces and a small amount is excreted through urine.Onset of Action for CalciumN/ADuration of Action for CalciumN/AHalf Life of CalciumN/ASide Effects of Calcium1.Constipation
2.Bloating
3.Excess gas
4.Anorexia
5.Nausea
6.Vomiting
7.Abdominal pain
8.Thirst
9.Hypercalcaemia
10.Polyuria
11.Dry mouth
12.Delirium
13.Confusion
Contra-indications of Calcium1.Renal calculi
2.Hypophosphataemia
3.Hypercalcaemia
4.Ventricular fibrillation.
Special Precautions while taking Calcium1.Renal impairment
2.Cardiac diseases
3.Sarcoidosis
4.Cor pulmonale
5.Respiratory acidosis
6.Respiratory failure
7.End stage renal failure
8.Hypoparathyroid patients
9.Digitalized patients
10.Prolonged use of therapeutic amounts.
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationMay be usedChildren Related InformationUse with cautionIndications for Calcium1.Hypocalcaemia
2.Calcium and vitamin D deficiency
3.Calcium deficiency during pregnancy and lactation
4.Rickets
5.Prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women
6.Chronic renal failure.
Interactions for CalciumN/ATypical Dosage for CalciumOral: 500mg to 2g daily in two to four divided doses.
Hypocalcaemia:
Adults: 1g daily. Increases to 2g daily if required.
Prevention of osteoporosis: 1 to 1.5g daily.
Children: 45 to 65mg/kg daily.
Neonates: 50 to 150mg/kg and should not exceed 1g.
Schedule of CalciumN/AStorage Requirements for CalciumStore in a well closed container in a cool and dry place. Protect from light.
Effects of Missed Dosage of CalciumTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of CalciumRemove calcium from stomach by induced emesis and gastric lavage. Provide symptomatic treatment and supportive measures.Calcitriol
About CalcitriolN/AMechanism of Action of CalcitriolCalcitriol is a 1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol or a Vitamin D analogue. It increases the absorption of Calcium from intestine by forming a calcium binding protein. It reverses the signs of rickets and osteomalacia.Pharmacokinets of CalcitriolAbsorption: It is readily absorbed after oral administration. Distribution: It is widely distributed in protein bound form. Metabolism: It undergoes metabolism in the liver and kidney. Excretion: It is excreted mainly in the faeces.Onset of Action for Calcitriol2 - 6 hoursDuration of Action for Calcitriol3 - 5 daysHalf Life of Calcitriol3 - 8 hoursSide Effects of Calcitriol1. Nausea
2. Vomiting
3. Constipation
4. Headache
5. Somnolence
6. Weakness
7. Hypertension
8. Bone and muscle pain
9. Pruritus
10. Weight loss
11. Polyuria
12. Metallic taste
13. Anorexia
14. Dry mouth
Contra-indications of Calcitriol1. Hypercalcaemia
2. Metastatic calcification
3. Plasma phosphorus level greater than 6 mg/dl
Special Precautions while taking Calcitriol1.Liver impairment
2.Renal impairment
3.Monitor plasma calcium and creatinine in patients receiving high doses
Pregnancy Related InformationUse with cautionOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationUse with cautionChildren Related InformationUse with cautionIndications for Calcitriol1.Management of Hypocalcaemia
2.Management of hypoparathyroidism and pseudohypoparathyroidismInteractions for CalcitriolN/ATypical Dosage for CalcitriolAdult:
Oral:
Management of hypocalcaemia:0.25mcg/day.Dosage can be increased by 0.25mcg/day at 1 - 2 month interval.Maintenance dose:0.25 - 1 mcg/ day.
Management of hypoparathyroidism and psedohypothyroidism:0.25mcg/day in the morning and dosage can be incresed at 2 - 4 week intervals.Maintenance dose: 0.5 - 2 mcg/day
Children:above 6 years:same as adult dose
Children 1 - 5 years: 0.25 - 0.75mcg/day Schedule of CalcitriolN/AStorage Requirements for CalcitriolStore in a well closed container.Protect from heat,light and moisture.Keep out of the reach of children.Effects of Missed Dosage of CalcitriolTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose.Do not double the dose.Continue the regular schedule.Effects of Overdose of CalcitriolGive supportive mesures and symptomatic treatment. Vitamin k2-7
About Vitamin k2-7N/AMechanism of Action of Vitamin k2-7It has been demonstrated to stimulate osteoblastic bone formation and to inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption.In another study, use of MK-7 caused significant elevations of serum Y-carboxylated osteocalcin concentration, a biomarker of bone formation. MK-7 also completely inhibited a decrease in the calcium content of bone tissue by inhibiting the bone-resorbing factors parathyroid hormone and prostaglandin E2.Health supplement that contains vitamin K2 (MK7) and vitamin D3 for increasing bone mineral density has been approved in some countries.
Pharmacokinets of Vitamin k2-7N/AOnset of Action for Vitamin k2-7N/ADuration of Action for Vitamin k2-7N/AHalf Life of Vitamin k2-7N/ASide Effects of Vitamin k2-7N/AContra-indications of Vitamin k2-7N/ASpecial Precautions while taking Vitamin k2-7N/APregnancy Related InformationN/AOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Vitamin k2-7N/AInteractions for Vitamin k2-7N/ATypical Dosage for Vitamin k2-7N/ASchedule of Vitamin k2-7N/AStorage Requirements for Vitamin k2-7N/AEffects of Missed Dosage of Vitamin k2-7N/AEffects of Overdose of Vitamin k2-7N/AHome Delivery for Calcium + Calcitriol + Vitamin K2-7 in Your City
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