Dexketoprofen + Paracetamol Pharmacology

Dexketoprofen + Paracetamol

About Dexketoprofen + Paracetamol
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Mechanism of Action of Dexketoprofen + Paracetamol
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Pharmacokinets of Dexketoprofen + Paracetamol
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Onset of Action for Dexketoprofen + Paracetamol
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Duration of Action for Dexketoprofen + Paracetamol
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Half Life of Dexketoprofen + Paracetamol
N/A
Side Effects of Dexketoprofen + Paracetamol
1.Nausea and or vomiting
2.Abdominal pain
3.Diarrhea
4.Dyspepsia
5.Headache
6.Dizziness
7.Vertigo
8.Flushing
9.Gastritis
10.Constipation
11.Dry mouth
12.Flatulence
13.Rash
14.Fatigue
15.Thrombocytopenia.
Contra-indications of Dexketoprofen + Paracetamol
1.Hypersensitivity to Dexketoprofen trometamol/ Paracetamol/ any other NSAID,
2.Active or suspected gastrointestinal ulcer/haemorrhage or history of gastrointestinal ulcer/ haemorrhage, other active bleedings or bleeding disorders, chronic dyspepsia,
3.Severe hepatic and renal failure
Special Precautions while taking Dexketoprofen + Paracetamol
1.Patients with hepatic and renal impairment
2.Patients with cardiovascular diseases
Pregnancy Related Information
Contraindicated
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution
Breast Feeding Related Information
Contraindicated
Children Related Information
Not recommended below 18 yrs.
Indications for Dexketoprofen + Paracetamol
Treatment of acute musculoskeletal pain.
Interactions for Dexketoprofen + Paracetamol
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Typical Dosage for Dexketoprofen + Paracetamol
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Schedule of Dexketoprofen + Paracetamol
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Storage Requirements for Dexketoprofen + Paracetamol
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Effects of Missed Dosage of Dexketoprofen + Paracetamol
N/A
Effects of Overdose of Dexketoprofen + Paracetamol
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Dexketoprofen

About Dexketoprofen
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,analgesic,propionic acid derivative.
Mechanism of Action of Dexketoprofen
Dexketoprofen works by blocking the action of a substance in the body called cyclo-oxygenase (COX). Cyclo-oxygenase is involved in the production of various chemicals in the body, some of which are known as prostaglandins.Prostaglandins are produced by the body in response to injury and certain diseases and conditions, and cause pain, swelling and inflammation. Dexketoprofen blocks the production of these prostaglandins and is therefore effective at reducing inflammation and pain.
Pharmacokinets of Dexketoprofen
Absorption: Cmax: About 30 min.
Distribution: Vd: <0.25 L/kg. Highly protein bound.
Excretion: Mainly eliminated via glucuronide conjugation and followed by renal excretion .
Onset of Action for Dexketoprofen
About 30 min.
Duration of Action for Dexketoprofen
About 4-6 hr
Half Life of Dexketoprofen
About 1.65 hr.
Side Effects of Dexketoprofen
1.Indigestion
2.Nausea
3.Vomiting
4.Diarrhea
5.Heartburn
6.Abdominal pain
Contra-indications of Dexketoprofen
1.History of asthma.
2.People in whom aspirin or other NSAIDs, eg ibuprofen, cause allergic reactions such as asthma attacks, itchy rash (urticaria), nasal inflammation (rhinitis) or swelling of the lips, tongue and throat (angioedema).
3.People who have been suffering from chronic indigestion.
4.People with an active peptic ulcer or bleeding in the gut.
5.People who have had recurrent peptic ulcers or bleeding from the gut (two or more episodes).
6.People who have ever experienced bleeding or perforation in the gut as a result of taking an NSAID.
7.Inflammatory bowel disease such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis.
8.People with blood clotting disorders or taking anticoagulant medicines.
9.Moderate to severely decreased kidney function.
10.Severely decreased liver function.
11.Severe heart failure.
12It may decrease female fertility. This medicine is not recommended for women who are trying to conceive.

Special Precautions while taking Dexketoprofen
1.History of disorders affecting the stomach or intestines.
2.Decreased kidney function.
3.Decreased liver function.
4.Heart failure.
5.High blood pressure (hypertension).
6.Ischaemic heart disease, eg angina or history of heart attack.
7.Cerebrovascular disease, eg history of stroke or mini-stroke (TIA).
8.Peripheral arterial disease
9.Hyperlipidaemia
10.Diabetes.
11.Smokers.
12.History of allergies
13.Diseases affecting connective tissue, eg systemic lupus erythematosus.
Pregnancy Related Information
Contraindicated
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution
Breast Feeding Related Information
Contraindicated
Children Related Information
Not recommended under 18 yrs
Indications for Dexketoprofen
Short-term relief of mild to moderate pain in adults, such as:Pain in the muscles, bones or joints,Period pain (dysmenorrhoea),Toothache. etc
Interactions for Dexketoprofen
1.Concomitant use of salicylates, other NSAIDs, anticoagulant (e.g. warfarin, heparin) or corticosteroids may increase risk of bleeding and combination use is not recommended.
2.Caution if used with thrombolytics, anti-platelets, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, pentoxyfylline due to elevated bleeding risk.
3.May increase toxic effects of hydantoines and sulphonamides.
4.May reduce effects of antihypertensives.
5.Increased risk of red cell line toxicity with zidovudine, monitor complete blood count and reticulocyte count.
6.Renal function may be worsened when used with ciclosporin or tacrolimus.
7.May increase hypoglycaemic effect of sulfonylureas.
8.Probenacid may increase plasma concentration of Dexketoprofen.
9.Potentially Fatal: NSAIDS may increase blood lithium levels; and increase haematological toxicity of methotrexate.
Typical Dosage for Dexketoprofen
Adult:25 mg every 8 hours, daily dosage should not exceed 75 mg.
In elderly patients, light to moderate liver and renal failure, the maximum dosage is set at a maximum of 50 mg/24h
Schedule of Dexketoprofen
N/A
Storage Requirements for Dexketoprofen
Oral: Store at below 30?C; protect from light.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Dexketoprofen
N/A
Effects of Overdose of Dexketoprofen
Administer activated charcoal if more than 5 mg/kg has been ingested by an adult or a child within an hr. Symptomatic therapy should be provided. Dexketoprofen is dialysable.

Paracetamol

About Paracetamol
Acetanilide derivative, Non narcotic Analgesic,Antipyretic.
Mechanism of Action of Paracetamol
Paracetamol has analgesic and antipyretic action.
It is more active on cyclo-oxygenase enzyme in brain. Peripherally it is a poor inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis.
Analgesic action: Paracetamol raises the pain threshold and produces analgesic effect.
Antipyretic action: Paracetamol lowers fever by direct action on the thermoregulatory centre in the Hypothalamus and block the effects of endogenous pyrogen.
Pharmacokinets of Paracetamol
Absorption: Paracetamol is rapidly and completely absorbed after oral administration.
Distribution: It is distributed mostly in the body in unbound form.
Metabolism: It is extensively metabolised in the liver.
Excretion: Excreted in the urine.
Onset of Action for Paracetamol
30 - 60 minutes
Duration of Action for Paracetamol
6 hours
Half Life of Paracetamol
1-4 hours
Side Effects of Paracetamol
1. Nausea
2. Abdominal distress
3. Allergic reactions
4. Rash
Contra-indications of Paracetamol
1. Hypersensitivity to Paracetamol
Special Precautions while taking Paracetamol
1. Hepatic impairment
2. Renal impairment
3. Hypertension
Pregnancy Related Information
Use with caution
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution
Breast Feeding Related Information
Use with caution
Children Related Information
Use with caution
NEONATES : Contraindicated
Indications for Paracetamol
1. To relieve pain and fever
2. Acute gout
3. Migraine
Interactions for Paracetamol
Cholestyramine: Reduces absorption of paracetamol.
Charcoal: Activated, administered immediately reduces absorption of paracetamol.
Domperidone and metochlopramide: Enhance absorption of paracetamol.
Alcohol: Chronic excessive ingestion of alcohol potentiates hepatotoxicity of paracetamol.
Zidovudine: Effects zidovudine may be decreased.
Typical Dosage for Paracetamol
Adult:
500 - 1000 mg in 3 times daily
Maximum dose: 4 g / day
For migraine: 500 mg to be taken at the first sign of migraine attack and repeated 4 - 6 hourly until suppress mild attacks.
Children:
60 mg / kg body weight /day in 4 divided doses.
Schedule of Paracetamol
H
Storage Requirements for Paracetamol
Store at 15-30 degree C in a tightly closed container. Protect from heat and moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Paracetamol
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Paracetamol
Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment. Drug can be removed from the body by gastric lavage or by inducing emesis. Absorption of the drug can be reduced by administration of activated charcoal. N-acetylcysteine is the specific antidote for Paracetamol poisoning. Dose: 150 mg /kg body weight as IV infusion over 15 minutes followed by same dose over 20 hours.
Maintenance dose: 75 mg / kg orally every 4 - 6 hours for 2 - 3 days. Haemodialysis can be done in emergency conditions.

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