Cefixime + Cloxacillin + Lacto bacillus Pharmacology

Cefixime + Cloxacillin + Lacto bacillus

About Cefixime + Cloxacillin + Lacto bacillus
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Mechanism of Action of Cefixime + Cloxacillin + Lacto bacillus
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Pharmacokinets of Cefixime + Cloxacillin + Lacto bacillus
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Onset of Action for Cefixime + Cloxacillin + Lacto bacillus
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Duration of Action for Cefixime + Cloxacillin + Lacto bacillus
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Half Life of Cefixime + Cloxacillin + Lacto bacillus
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Side Effects of Cefixime + Cloxacillin + Lacto bacillus
1.Nausea
2.Drowsiness
3.Skin rash
4.Diarrhea.
Contra-indications of Cefixime + Cloxacillin + Lacto bacillus
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Special Precautions while taking Cefixime + Cloxacillin + Lacto bacillus
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Pregnancy Related Information
Use with caution
Old Age Related Information
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Breast Feeding Related Information
Use with caution
Children Related Information
May be used
Indications for Cefixime + Cloxacillin + Lacto bacillus
1.Uncomplicated UTIS
2.Otitis media
3.Pharyngitis
4.Tonsillitis
5.Acute bronchitis
6.Acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis
7.Uncomplicated gonorrhea.
8.To treat various types of infections caused by susceptible bacteria
Interactions for Cefixime + Cloxacillin + Lacto bacillus
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Typical Dosage for Cefixime + Cloxacillin + Lacto bacillus
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Schedule of Cefixime + Cloxacillin + Lacto bacillus
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Storage Requirements for Cefixime + Cloxacillin + Lacto bacillus
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Effects of Missed Dosage of Cefixime + Cloxacillin + Lacto bacillus
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Effects of Overdose of Cefixime + Cloxacillin + Lacto bacillus
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Cefixime

About Cefixime
Third Generation Cephalosporin Oral antibiotic
Mechanism of Action of Cefixime
Cefixime is an orally active 3rd generation cephalosporin which exerts its bactericidal action against both gram positive & gram negative organisms by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cefixime inhibits transpeptidase & thus prevents cross linking of bacterial cell wall. Transpeptidase & associated proteins constitute various types of specific binding proteins which have affinity for cephalosporins like Cefixime. It is highly active against enterobacteriaceae, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pyogens & Streptococcus pneumonia &many beta lactamase producing bacteria.
Pharmacokinets of Cefixime
Absorption: Absorbed orally up to 50 % & food delays absorption Distribution: widely distributed, Metabolism: A portion of drug is metabolized in the body. Excretion: Excreted mainly through urine
Onset of Action for Cefixime
Within one hour
Duration of Action for Cefixime
18 hours
Half Life of Cefixime
3 hour
Side Effects of Cefixime
1. Diarrhea & stool changes
2. Rashes & allergic manifestation
3. Vaginitis
4. Nephrotoxicity
5. Pseudo membranous colitis
6. Nausea
7. Vomiting
8. Elevated liver enzymes
9. Leucopenia
10.Thrombocytopenia
11. Headache
12. Dizziness
13.Pruritus
14.Candidiasis
Contra-indications of Cefixime
1.Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins
2.Along with carbamazepine
3.Pseudo membranous colitis
Special Precautions while taking Cefixime
1.Renal impairment
2.Patient allergic to penicillins
3.Use cautiously along with salicylates & Probenecid
Pregnancy Related Information
Use with caution
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution
Breast Feeding Related Information
Contraindicated
Children Related Information
Above 6 months: may be used
Neonates: contraindicated
Indications for Cefixime
1.Tonsillitis
2.Pharyngitis
3.Otitismedia
4.Bronchitis
5.Urinary tract infections
6.Gonorrhea
7.Infections caused by susceptible organisms.
Interactions for Cefixime
Probenecid: Increases and prolongs the effect.
Oral anticoagulants: Effects of anticoagulants potentiated.
Typical Dosage for Cefixime
Adults: 200 to 400mg once daily or two divided doses
Children: 8mg/kg/day once daily or two divided doses.
Schedule of Cefixime
H
Storage Requirements for Cefixime
N/A
Effects of Missed Dosage of Cefixime
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time to take the next dose then skip the missed dose.
Effects of Overdose of Cefixime
Adopting supportive measures. Treatment includes removal of drug from the body by gastric lavage &dialysis

Cloxacillin

About Cloxacillin
It is a Penicillinase resistant Penicillin, Penicillin derived antibiotic.
Mechanism of Action of Cloxacillin
Cloxacillin is a bactericidal drug. It binds to the Penicillin binding protein in the cell wall of bacteria and inhibits the enzyme transpeptidase which is responsible for the transpeptidation reaction in peptidoglycan synthesis. It also activates the endogenous enzyme which degrades the peptidoglycan.These results in inhibition of protein synthesis and there by cell wall synthesis. In addition to this it is not degraded by penicillinase enzyme and therefore it can be useful against penicillinase producing bacteria also.
Pharmacokinets of Cloxacillin
Absorption .It is readily absorbed after oral administration. Distribution: It is very widely distributed in the body .Metabolism: It does not undergo metabolism. Excretion: It is excreted mainly through urine and small amount excreted through breast milk.
Onset of Action for Cloxacillin
30-60 minutes
Duration of Action for Cloxacillin
About 6 hours
Half Life of Cloxacillin
30 minutes
Side Effects of Cloxacillin
1.Anaphylaxis
2.Rash
3.Urticaria
4.Thrombocytopenia
5.Seizure
Contra-indications of Cloxacillin
Hypersensitive to Cloxacillin or other Penicillins.
Special Precautions while taking Cloxacillin
1.Heart failure
2.Uremia
3.Hypokalemia
4 Bleeding tendencies
5.Meningitis
6.Renal impairment
Pregnancy Related Information
Use with caution
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution
Breast Feeding Related Information
Use with caution
Children Related Information
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Indications for Cloxacillin
1.Urinary tract infections
2.Respiratory tract infections
3.Septicaemia
4.Osteomyelitis
5.Endocarditis
6.Pneumonia
7.Sinusitis
8.Bronchiectasis
Interactions for Cloxacillin
Oral contraceptives: Efficacy reduced, may cause breakthrough bleeding or pregnancy.
Atenolol: Bio-availability of atenolol reduced.
Allopurinol: Increases risk of cloxacillin induced skin rash.
Probenecid: Increases blood levels.
Erythromycin & Tetracyclines: Reduce efficacy.
Clavulanic Acid: Synergy.
Food: Interferes with absorption
Typical Dosage for Cloxacillin
ADULT
1 - 2 g daily in four divided dose depending on the severity of infection
CHILDREN
50 - 100 mg/kg/day in four divided dose depending on the severity of infection
Schedule of Cloxacillin
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Storage Requirements for Cloxacillin
The vial should be stored in room temperature away from heat and moisture. Keep out of the reach of children
Effects of Missed Dosage of Cloxacillin
Take the dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time to the next dose then skip the missed dose
Effects of Overdose of Cloxacillin
Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment. Absorption of drug can be reduced by gastric lavage or induction of emesis

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