Benfotiamine + Mecobalamin + Alpha-Lipoic Acid + Vit B6 Pharmacology

Benfotiamine + Mecobalamin + Alpha-Lipoic Acid + Vit B6

About Benfotiamine + Mecobalamin + Alpha-Lipoic Acid + Vit B6
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Mechanism of Action of Benfotiamine + Mecobalamin + Alpha-Lipoic Acid + Vit B6
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Pharmacokinets of Benfotiamine + Mecobalamin + Alpha-Lipoic Acid + Vit B6
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Onset of Action for Benfotiamine + Mecobalamin + Alpha-Lipoic Acid + Vit B6
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Duration of Action for Benfotiamine + Mecobalamin + Alpha-Lipoic Acid + Vit B6
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Half Life of Benfotiamine + Mecobalamin + Alpha-Lipoic Acid + Vit B6
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Side Effects of Benfotiamine + Mecobalamin + Alpha-Lipoic Acid + Vit B6
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Contra-indications of Benfotiamine + Mecobalamin + Alpha-Lipoic Acid + Vit B6
N/A
Special Precautions while taking Benfotiamine + Mecobalamin + Alpha-Lipoic Acid + Vit B6
N/A
Pregnancy Related Information
Use with caution
Old Age Related Information
N/A
Breast Feeding Related Information
Use with caution
Children Related Information
N/A
Indications for Benfotiamine + Mecobalamin + Alpha-Lipoic Acid + Vit B6
1.Peripheral neuropathies
2.Diabetic neuropathy
3.Nutritional supplement
Interactions for Benfotiamine + Mecobalamin + Alpha-Lipoic Acid + Vit B6
N/A
Typical Dosage for Benfotiamine + Mecobalamin + Alpha-Lipoic Acid + Vit B6
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Schedule of Benfotiamine + Mecobalamin + Alpha-Lipoic Acid + Vit B6
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Storage Requirements for Benfotiamine + Mecobalamin + Alpha-Lipoic Acid + Vit B6
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Effects of Missed Dosage of Benfotiamine + Mecobalamin + Alpha-Lipoic Acid + Vit B6
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Effects of Overdose of Benfotiamine + Mecobalamin + Alpha-Lipoic Acid + Vit B6
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Benfotiamine

About Benfotiamine
Synthetic S-acyl derivative of thiamine (vitamine B1), Antioxidant ,anti-AGE(Advanced glycation end product) supplement, Treating Diabetic Complications.
Mechanism of Action of Benfotiamine
N/A
Pharmacokinets of Benfotiamine
N/A
Onset of Action for Benfotiamine
N/A
Duration of Action for Benfotiamine
N/A
Half Life of Benfotiamine
N/A
Side Effects of Benfotiamine
N/A
Contra-indications of Benfotiamine
N/A
Special Precautions while taking Benfotiamine
N/A
Pregnancy Related Information
N/A
Old Age Related Information
N/A
Breast Feeding Related Information
N/A
Children Related Information
N/A
Indications for Benfotiamine
1.Management of diabetic neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy
2.Beri Beri
3.Wenicke-korsakoff syndrome
Interactions for Benfotiamine
N/A
Typical Dosage for Benfotiamine
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Schedule of Benfotiamine
N/A
Storage Requirements for Benfotiamine
N/A
Effects of Missed Dosage of Benfotiamine
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Effects of Overdose of Benfotiamine
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Mecobalamin

About Mecobalamin
Water soluble, Form of Vitamin B12
Mechanism of Action of Mecobalamin
Mecobalamin is the neurologically active form of vitamin B12 and occurs as a water-soluble vitamin in the body. It is a cofactor in the enzyme methionine synthase, which functions to transfer methyl groups for the regeneration of methionine from homocysteine. In anaemia, it increases erythrocyte production by promoting nucleic acid synthesis in the bone marrow and by promoting maturation and division of erythrocytes.
Pharmacokinets of Mecobalamin
Absorption: Absorbed after oral, sublingual, injection
Excretion: Excretion via urine
Onset of Action for Mecobalamin
N/A
Duration of Action for Mecobalamin
N/A
Half Life of Mecobalamin
N/A
Side Effects of Mecobalamin
1.Oral: Anorexia, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea
2.Parenteral: Rash, headache, hot sensation, diaphoresis and pain/induration at IM inj site
Contra-indications of Mecobalamin
N/A
Special Precautions while taking Mecobalamin
N/A
Pregnancy Related Information
May be used
Old Age Related Information
May be used
Breast Feeding Related Information
May be used
Children Related Information
N/A
Indications for Mecobalamin
1.Peripheral neuropathies
2.Megaloblastic anaemia
Interactions for Mecobalamin
1.Decreased GI tract absorption with neomycin, aminosalicylic acid, H2-blockers and colchicines
2.Reduced serum concentrations with oral contraceptives
3.Reduced effects in anaemia with parenteral chloramphenicol
Typical Dosage for Mecobalamin
Peripheral neuropathies
Oral: Adult: 1500 mcg/day in 3 divided doses
Parenteral: 500 mcg daily IM/IV 3 times/wk

Megaloblastic anaemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency
Parenteral: Adult: 500 mcg daily IM/IV 3 times/wk. Maintenance dose: After about 2 mth of therapy, reduce dose to single admin of 500 mcg every 1-3 mth.
Schedule of Mecobalamin
N/A
Storage Requirements for Mecobalamin
Oral: Store at room temperature. Protect from moisture and light.
Parenteral: Store at room temperature. Do not expose to direct light.


Effects of Missed Dosage of Mecobalamin
N/A
Effects of Overdose of Mecobalamin
N/A

Alpha-Lipoic acid

About Alpha-Lipoic acid
Naturally occurring dithiol compound , antioxidant, Agent for neuropathies.
Mechanism of Action of Alpha-Lipoic acid
Alpha-lipoic acid and its reduced metabolite, Dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA), form a redox couple and may scavenge a wide range of reactive oxygen species. Alpha-lipoic acid has been found to decrease urinary isoprostanes, O-LDL and plasma protein carbonyls, markers of oxidative stress. Further, alpha-lipoic acid and its redox couple DHLA have been found to have antioxidant activity in aqueous, as well as in lipophilic regions, and in extra cellular and intracellular environments. Alpha-lipoic acid participates in the recycling of other important biologic antioxidants, such as vitamins E and C, Ubiquinone and glutathione.
Both alpha-lipoic acid and DHLA can scavenge hydroxyl radicals, the nitric oxide radical, peroxynitrite, hydrogen peroxide and hypochlorite. Alpha-lipoic acid may scavenge singlet oxygen, and DHLA may scavenge super oxide and peroxyl reactive oxygen species.
Pharmacokinets of Alpha-Lipoic acid
Absorption: Alpha-lipoic acid is absorbed from the small intestine. The natural R-entantiomer is more readily absorbed than the L-entantiomer and is the more active form.
Distribution:It is distributed to the liver via the portal circulation and to various tissues in the body via the systemic circulation. . Alpha-lipoic acid readily crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is found, after its distribution to the various body tissues, intracellularly, intramitochondrialy and extracellularly.Metabolism: Alpha-lipoic acid is metabolized to its reduced form, dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA), by mitochondrial lipoamide dehydrogenase enzyme. DHLA, together with lipoic acid, form a redox couple. It is also metabolized to lipoamide, which functions as the lipoic acid cofactor in the multienzyme complexes that catalyze the oxidative decarboxylations of pyruvate and alpha-ketoglutarate. Alpha-lipoic acid may be metabolized to dithiol octanoic acid, which can undergo catabolism.
Onset of Action for Alpha-Lipoic acid
N/A
Duration of Action for Alpha-Lipoic acid
N/A
Half Life of Alpha-Lipoic acid
N/A
Side Effects of Alpha-Lipoic acid
1.Nausea
2.Vomiting
Contra-indications of Alpha-Lipoic acid
1.Contraindicated during radiotherapy
Special Precautions while taking Alpha-Lipoic acid
Patient with diabetes and problems with glucose intolerance
Pregnancy Related Information
Use with caution
Old Age Related Information
N/A
Breast Feeding Related Information
Use with caution
Children Related Information
N/A
Indications for Alpha-Lipoic acid
1.Diabetic neuropathy
2.It may help prevent the oxidation of LDL cholesterol and may be protective, generally, against oxidative stress and, specifically, against atherosclerosis, ischemia-reperfusion injury and various radiologic and chemical toxins.
3.It may also be useful in some inborn metabolic disorders
Interactions for Alpha-Lipoic acid
N/A
Typical Dosage for Alpha-Lipoic acid
Adult: up to 600 milligrams daily
Diabetic neuropathy: 300 milligrams daily taken in divided doses.
Schedule of Alpha-Lipoic acid
N/A
Storage Requirements for Alpha-Lipoic acid
Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.Keep out of the reach of children. Keep the medicine from freezing. Do not refrigerate.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Alpha-Lipoic acid
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose.Continue the regular schedule.Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Alpha-Lipoic acid
Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment.

Vit B6

About Vit B6
Physiological functions: It is involved as a coenzyme (Pyridoxal phosphate) in metabolism of tryptophan, in several metabolic transformations of amino acids including transamination, decarboxylation & racemization.
Deficiency symptoms: Peripheral neuritis, seizures, stomatitis, glossitis, anaemia, seborrhea like lesions.
Mechanism of Action of Vit B6
Vitamin B6 is a collective term for Pyridoxine, Pyridoxal, Pyridoxamine and their phosphorylated derivatives such as Pyridoxine phosphate, Pyridoxal phosphate and Pyridoxamine derivatives respectively. Vitamin B6 is essential for the metabolism of amino acid, glycogen and fatty acids, for nerve functions, for the formation of red blood cells and also helps the skin healthy. Vitamin B6 is also used for the synthesis of nucleic acid, Haemoglobin, Sphingomyelin, other Sphingolipids, Serotonin, Dopamine, Noradrenaline and GABA.
Pharmacokinets of Vit B6
Absorption: Vitamin B6 is readily absorbed after oral administration.
Distribution: It is mainly distributed in the body in protein bound form. It is stored primarily in the liver and to a lesser extent muscle and brain.
Metabolism: It is metabolised in the liver
Onset of Action for Vit B6
N/A
Duration of Action for Vit B6
N/A
Half Life of Vit B6
15-20 days
Side Effects of Vit B6
1. Neuropathy
2. Unstable gait
3. Drowsiness
4. Perioral numbness
5. Paresthesia
6. Numbness of feet
7. Somnolence
8. Sensory neuropathy
9. Ataxia
Contra-indications of Vit B6
1. Hypersensitivity to Vitamin B6
Special Precautions while taking Vit B6
N/A
Pregnancy Related Information
May be used
Old Age Related Information
May be used
Breast Feeding Related Information
Use with caution
Children Related Information
Use with caution
NEONATES: Contraindicated
Indications for Vit B6
1. Vitamin B6 deficiency including inadequate diet and drug induced causes
2. Neuropathy
3. Premenstrual syndrome
4. Hyperoxaluria type 1
5. Metabolic disorder
6. Isoniazid poisoning
Interactions for Vit B6
Cycloserine, Hydralazine, Isoniazide, Oral contraceptive, Penicillamine: Increase Pyridoxine requirement.
Levodopa: Pyridoxine reverses the therapeutic effect of Levodopa.
Phenobarbital, Phenytoin: Pyridoxine decreases serum level of these anticonvulsants.
Typical Dosage for Vit B6
Adult: 10 - 20 mg / day
Dietary deficiency: 2.5 -10 mg / day for effective therapeutic response is obtained.
Maintenance dose: 2 - 5 mg / day for several weeks.
Drug induced deficiency: 100 - 200 mg / day for 3 weeks.
Maintenance dose: 25 - 100 mg / day
Neuropathy: 50 - 200 mg /day
Premenstrual syndrome: 40 - 500 mg / day
Hyperoxaluria type 1: 25 - 300 mg / day
Metabolic disorder: 100-500 mg /day.
Isoniazid poisoning: Initial dose: 1 - 4 g as IV administration, then 1 g IM every 30 minute until Pyridoxine dose is equal to the Isoniazid dose has been given.
Schedule of Vit B6
N/A
Storage Requirements for Vit B6
Store it at 15 - 30 degree C. Protect from moisture and heat.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Vit B6
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Vit B6
Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment. The signs of Pyridoxine overdose can be resolved by discontinuation (withdrawal) of Pyridoxine.

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