Pefloxacin Pharmacology

Pefloxacin

About Pefloxacin

A synthetic 2nd generation fluoroquinolone, Broad-spectrum antibiotic.

Mechanism of Action of Pefloxacin

Pefloxacin is a bacteriostatic at low concentration and bactericidal at high concentration. It act by inhibiting the enzyme DNA gyrase (Topoisomerase 2) and Topoisomerase 4.DNA gyrase helps in the formation of a highly condensed three dimensional structure of the DNA by its nicking and closing activity and also by introducing negative supercoil in to the DNA double helix. Pefloxacin inhibits DNA gyrase which results in abnormal linkage between opened DNA and gyrase and negative supercoiling is also impaired. This will inhibits transcription of DNA in to RNA and subsequent protein synthesis.

Pharmacokinets of Pefloxacin

Absorption: They are rapidly absorbed after oral administration. Distribution: It is widely distributed in the body. Metabolism: It undergoes hepatic metabolism and form active (Norfloxacin) and inactive metabolites. Excretion: Drug is excreted mainly through urine.

Onset of Action for Pefloxacin

0.5 - 1 hour.

Duration of Action for Pefloxacin

8-12 hours.

Half Life of Pefloxacin

8 - 14 hour.

Side Effects of Pefloxacin

1.Nausea
2.Vomiting
3.Diarrhoea
4.Abdominal discomfort
5.Restlessness
6.Dizziness
7.Drowsiness
8.Arthralgia
9.Rash
10.Confusion
11.Insomnia
12.Anorexia
13.Bad taste
14.Headache
15.Photosensitivity

Contra-indications of Pefloxacin

Hypersensitivity to Pefloxacin and other Fluoroquinolones

Special Precautions while taking Pefloxacin

1.Hepatic impairment
2.Renal impairment
3.Caution while driving the vehicle or operating machine or involved in any hazardous activities

Pregnancy Related Information

Contraindicated.

Old Age Related Information

Use with caution

Breast Feeding Related Information

Contraindicated.

Children Related Information

Contraindicated
NEONATES: contraindicated

Indications for Pefloxacin

1.Urinary tract infection
2.Respiratory tract infection
3.Bone and joint infections
4.Infectious diarrhoea
5.Gonorrhoea
6.ENT infections
7.Skin and soft tissue infections
8.Typhoid fever
9. Intra-abdominal infections
10. Gynaecological infections

Interactions for Pefloxacin

Antineoplastic drugs: Decrease serum levels of pefloxacin.
Caffeine: Enhanced efficacy of caffeine.
Oral anti-coagulants: Enhanced efficacy of anti-coagulants.
Cyclosporine: Nephrotoxicity increased by pefloxacin.
Theophylline: Increased plasma levels of theophylline resulting in toxicity.
NSAIDs: CNS excitation may occur.
Rifampicin: Decreases serum concentration of pefloxacin.
Chloramphenicol: Antagonises effects of pefloxacin.

Typical Dosage for Pefloxacin

Adults: 800 mg / day in 2 divided doses
Gonorrhoea: 800 mg / day in single dose

Schedule of Pefloxacin

Storage Requirements for Pefloxacin

Store at 15 - 30 degree C in a tightly closed container.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Pefloxacin

Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose.

Effects of Overdose of Pefloxacin

Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment.

Home Delivery for Pefloxacin in Your City

Medicine India is just a publishing medium for medicine related information and does not provide services or sales of medicines including pefloxacin.

However, we do publish a comprehensive directory of Pharmacies, Chemists and Druggists in cities all over India. You can use this directory to find the medicine stores in your city (or area) that provide home delivery services for pefloxacin and other medicines and health products. Home delivery services for pefloxacin may be free or they may cost you depending on the pharmacy and the minimum order requirements. It would be best to get this clarified while placing the order.

Please be aware that you should take pefloxacin only if a doctor has recommended or prescribed it. Some or all pharmacies who provide a home delivery service for medicines might insist on a prescription for pefloxacin before they complete the sale. You can get this information while placing the order for pefloxacin with the pharmacy.

Pefloxacin is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for pefloxacin might be better known than pefloxacin itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have pefloxacin in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for pefloxacin.