Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + Dicyclomine Pharmacology

Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + Dicyclomine

About Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + Dicyclomine
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Mechanism of Action of Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + Dicyclomine
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Pharmacokinets of Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + Dicyclomine
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Onset of Action for Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + Dicyclomine
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Duration of Action for Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + Dicyclomine
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Half Life of Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + Dicyclomine
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Side Effects of Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + Dicyclomine
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Contra-indications of Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + Dicyclomine
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Special Precautions while taking Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + Dicyclomine
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Pregnancy Related Information
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Old Age Related Information
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Breast Feeding Related Information
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Children Related Information
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Indications for Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + Dicyclomine
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Interactions for Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + Dicyclomine
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Typical Dosage for Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + Dicyclomine
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Schedule of Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + Dicyclomine
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Storage Requirements for Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + Dicyclomine
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Effects of Missed Dosage of Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + Dicyclomine
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Effects of Overdose of Tinidazole + Diloxanide Furoate + Dimethyl polysiloxane + Dicyclomine
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Tinidazole

About Tinidazole
Nitroimidazole antibiotic, Antibacterial, antiprotozoal.
Mechanism of Action of Tinidazole
Tinidazole is nitro imidazole which has broad spectrum cidal activity against Protozoa and some anaerobic bacteria. Its selective toxicity to anaerobic microbes involves 1. Drug enters the cell by diffusion, 2. Nitro group of drug is reduced by redox proteins present only in anaerobic organisms to reactive nitro radical which excerts cytotoxic action by damaging DNA and other critical biomolecules. 3. .DNA helix destabilization &strand breakage has been observed.
Pharmacokinets of Tinidazole
Absorption: Well absorbed orally, Distribution: Widely distributed,
Metabolism: Metabolized in liver by oxidation &glucuronide conjugation, Excretion: Excreted in urine.
Onset of Action for Tinidazole
Within few hours
Duration of Action for Tinidazole
16 hours
Half Life of Tinidazole
12 hours
Side Effects of Tinidazole
1.Anorexia
2.Bitter taste
3.Nausea
4.Vomiting
5.Diarrhoea
6.Fatigue
7.Dry mouth
8.Abdominal distress
9.Headache
10.Dizziness
11.Vertigo
12.Rash
13.Urticaria
14.Angioedema
15.Peripheral neuropathy & CNS effects,
Contra-indications of Tinidazole
1.Hypersensitivity to the drug
2.Blood dyscrasias
3.CNS disorders
Special Precautions while taking Tinidazole
1.Hepatic impairment
2.Alcoholic cirrhosis
3.Obstructive liver diseases
4. Use cautiously along with other hepatotoxic drugs & In visual field changes
5. Avoid alcohol use during therapy
Pregnancy Related Information
Use with caution, but contra indicated in first trimester
Old Age Related Information
N/A
Breast Feeding Related Information
Contraindicated
Children Related Information
N/A
Indications for Tinidazole
1.Amoebiasis
2.Giardiasis
3.Trichomonas vaginitis
4.Anaerobic bacterial infections
5.Prophylactic agent after colorectal surgery
6.H. pylori infections
Interactions for Tinidazole
Alcohol: Disulfiram like reaction.
Ampicillin, Doxycycline and Cotrimoxaole: Synergism with these agents.
Typical Dosage for Tinidazole
Amoebiasis:
Adults: 2gm once daily for 3 days
Children: 30 to 50mg/kg/day or 600mg 12hourly for 5 to 10 days
Trichomoniasis & Giardiasis:
600mg once daily for a week or 2gm single dose
Anaerobic bacterial infections:
2 gm followed by 500mg 12 hourly for 5 days
Prophylaxis after colorectal surgery:
2gm single dose before surgery
H. pylori infections:
0.5gm 12hourly for 7 to14 days in triple combination
Schedule of Tinidazole
H
Storage Requirements for Tinidazole
Store at room temperature at a range of 15 to 30 degree C. Protect from excess heat and moisture.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Tinidazole
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Tinidazole
Treatment is supportive & symptomatic. Drug is removed by induced emesis, gastric lavage, and administration of activated charcoal &use of cathartics. For controlling seizures diazepam & phenytoin may be used

Diloxanide Furoate

About Diloxanide Furoate
Dichloroacetamide derivative, anti-protozoal, Luminal amebicides.
Mechanism of Action of Diloxanide Furoate
Diloxanide Furoate is a dicloroacetamide derivative which acts as a luminal amoebicide. It exerts its action by directly killing the trophozoites responsible for production of cysts.
Pharmacokinets of Diloxanide Furoate
Absorption: Orally well absorbed.
Metabolism: It is metabolized by glucuronide conjugation.
Excretion: Excreted through urine.
Onset of Action for Diloxanide Furoate
N/A
Duration of Action for Diloxanide Furoate
N/A
Half Life of Diloxanide Furoate
N/A
Side Effects of Diloxanide Furoate
1. Flatulence
2. Nausea
3. Itching
4. Urticaria rashes
Contra-indications of Diloxanide Furoate
N/A
Special Precautions while taking Diloxanide Furoate
1. Hepatic impairment
Pregnancy Related Information
Contraindicated
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution
Breast Feeding Related Information
Use with caution
Children Related Information
Use with caution
Below 2 years : Contraindicated
Indications for Diloxanide Furoate
1. Mild intestinal Amoebiasis,
2. Asymptomatic cyst passers of Entamoeba histolitica
Interactions for Diloxanide Furoate
No known interaction.
Typical Dosage for Diloxanide Furoate
Adults: 0.5gm 8hourly for 5 to 10days.
Children (above 2years): 20mg/kg/day in divided doses up to 10days.
Schedule of Diloxanide Furoate
H
Storage Requirements for Diloxanide Furoate
Store in a cool dry place.Protect from heat and light.Keep out of the reach of children.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Diloxanide Furoate
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Diloxanide Furoate
Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment.

Dimethyl polysiloxane

About Dimethyl polysiloxane
A silicone derivative,Anti-foaming agent, Antiflatulent.
Mechanism of Action of Dimethyl polysiloxane
Dimethyl polysiloxane is a silicone derivative which is used in symptomatic treatment of postprandial and postoperative flatulence and abdominal distension.It acts as defoaming agent and eliminates gases from GI tract.It is used in combination with antacids,antispasmodics and digestants.
Pharmacokinets of Dimethyl polysiloxane
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Onset of Action for Dimethyl polysiloxane
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Duration of Action for Dimethyl polysiloxane
N/A
Half Life of Dimethyl polysiloxane
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Side Effects of Dimethyl polysiloxane
N/A
Contra-indications of Dimethyl polysiloxane
Hypersensitivity to Dimethyl Polysiloxane
Special Precautions while taking Dimethyl polysiloxane
Kidney failure
Pregnancy Related Information
N/A
Old Age Related Information
N/A
Breast Feeding Related Information
N/A
Children Related Information
N/A
Indications for Dimethyl polysiloxane
1. Flatulent dyspepsia
2. Postoperative distension
3. Gastric Distention
4. Functional digestive disorders
5. Stomach pain
6. Burning
7. Nausea and excess gas (dyspepsia)
Interactions for Dimethyl polysiloxane
N/A
Typical Dosage for Dimethyl polysiloxane
40 mg tablet to be taken half an hour before food.

Schedule of Dimethyl polysiloxane
N/A
Storage Requirements for Dimethyl polysiloxane
Stored at room temperature (15-30?C) away from moisture and heat.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Dimethyl polysiloxane
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Dimethyl polysiloxane
Give symptomatic and supportive treatment.

Dicyclomine

About Dicyclomine
Anticholinergic ,Antimuscarinic, Antispasmodic and in urinary incontinence.
Mechanism of Action of Dicyclomine
Dicyclomine is an anticholinergic drug. It exerts its action by inhibiting muscarinic (((cholinergic))) receptors on smooth muscles and prevents the effect of Acetylcholine. Inhibition of Acetylcholine produces relaxation of smooth muscles of gastrointestinal tract and genitourinary tract and reduces the painful spasm and cramp. It inhibits gastrointestinal propulsive motility and reduces gastric acid secretion. It also has a direct relaxant effect on smooth muscle. It readily crosses the blood brain barrier and produces CNS effects.
Pharmacokinets of Dicyclomine
Absorption: About 70 % of the drug is absorbed after oral administration.
Distribution: It is extensively distributed in tissue mainly in protein bound (((99%))) form. It readily crosses blood brain barrier.
Metabolism: Dicyclomine undergoes hepatic metabolism
Excretion: It is excreted mainly in the urine and small amount in the faeces.
Onset of Action for Dicyclomine
1-2 hours.
Duration of Action for Dicyclomine
4-6 hours.
Half Life of Dicyclomine
1.8 hours (((initial phase))). 9 - 10 hours (((secondary phase)))
Side Effects of Dicyclomine
1.Constipation
2.Dry mouth
3.Nausea
4.Vomiting
5.Abdominal discomfort
6.Headache
7.Dizziness
8.Confusion
9.Palpitations
10.Tachycardia
11.Increased intraocular pressure
12.Mydriasis
13.Urine retention
14.Urinary hesitancy
15.Decreased sweating
Contra-indications of Dicyclomine
1.Hypersensitivity to Dicyclomine and other anticholinergic drugs
2.Narrow angle glaucoma
3.Obstructive gastro intestinal tract
4.Obstructive uropathy
5.Reflux oesophagitis
6.Severe ulcerative colitis
7.Myasthenia gravis
8.Unstable cardiovascular status in acute haemorrhage
Special Precautions while taking Dicyclomine
1.Renal impairment
2.Hepatic impairment
3.Heart failure
4.Prostatic hypertrophy
5.Hiatus hernia associated
6.Hyperthyroidism
7.Autonomic neuropathy
8.Ulcerative colitis
9.Arrhythmia
10.Hypertension
11.Coronary artery disease
Pregnancy Related Information
Use with caution.
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution.
Breast Feeding Related Information
Contraindicated
Children Related Information
Use with caution.
NEONATES: contraindicated
Indications for Dicyclomine
1. Irritable bowel syndrome
2.Colicky pain
Interactions for Dicyclomine
N/A
Typical Dosage for Dicyclomine
Adult:
Oral: 80 mg / day in 4 divided doses 30 - 60 minutes before meals. Depending on the patient`s response dose can be increased to 160 mg / day in 4 divided doses after 1 week.
Children:
Infant colic: 5 - 10 mg every 6 - 8 hours, 15 minutes before each feed; dose is depending on the patient`s response and age.
Schedule of Dicyclomine
H
Storage Requirements for Dicyclomine
Store at 15 - 30 degree C in a tightly closed container. Protect from light.Keep out of the reach of children
Effects of Missed Dosage of Dicyclomine
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Dicyclomine
Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment. Drug can be removed from the body by gastric lavage or by inducing emesis. Absorption of the drug can be reduced by administration of activated charcoal. Physostigmine is given to block the overdose symptoms of Dicyclomine.

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