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- Pharmacology For Sulphadoxine + Pyrimethamine
Sulphadoxine + Pyrimethamine Pharmacology
Sulphadoxine + Pyrimethamine
About Sulphadoxine + PyrimethamineN/AMechanism of Action of Sulphadoxine + PyrimethamineN/APharmacokinets of Sulphadoxine + PyrimethamineN/AOnset of Action for Sulphadoxine + PyrimethamineN/ADuration of Action for Sulphadoxine + PyrimethamineN/AHalf Life of Sulphadoxine + PyrimethamineN/ASide Effects of Sulphadoxine + PyrimethamineN/AContra-indications of Sulphadoxine + PyrimethamineN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Sulphadoxine + PyrimethamineN/APregnancy Related InformationN/AOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Sulphadoxine + PyrimethamineN/AInteractions for Sulphadoxine + PyrimethamineN/ATypical Dosage for Sulphadoxine + PyrimethamineN/ASchedule of Sulphadoxine + PyrimethamineN/AStorage Requirements for Sulphadoxine + PyrimethamineN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of Sulphadoxine + PyrimethamineN/AEffects of Overdose of Sulphadoxine + PyrimethamineN/ASulphadoxine
About SulphadoxineAn ultra-long-lasting sulfonamide, Antimalarial with pyrimethamine.Mechanism of Action of SulphadoxineSulphadoxine is a structural analogs and competitive antagonists of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA). They inhibit normal bacterial utilization of PABA for the synthesis of dihydrofolic acid, a compound that bacteria must be able to make in order to survive for the synthesis of folic acid, an important metabolite in DNA synthesis. It is usually given with Pyrimethamine in the treatment of Chloroquine resistant Plasmodium falciparum in a fixed dose formulation.Pharmacokinets of SulphadoxineAbsorption: Sulfadoxine is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Distribution: It is distributed mainly in protein bound form. It is widely distributed to body tissues and fluids and it passes into the fetal circulation. Excretion: It is excreted very slowly in urine mainly in unchanged form.Onset of Action for SulphadoxineN/ADuration of Action for SulphadoxineN/AHalf Life of Sulphadoxine4 to 9 days.Side Effects of Sulphadoxine1. Brownish coloration of urine
2. Skin rashes
3. Hives
4. Itching
5. Localized swelling
6. Reddened eyes
7. Headache
8. Dizziness
9. Ringing in ears
10. Loss of appetite
11. Irritation of mouth and tongue
12. Nausea
13. Abdominal pain
14. Diarrhea
Contra-indications of Sulphadoxine1. Hypersensitivity to the drug or other ingredients it or other sulfonamides
2. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency
3. Kidney disease
4. Liver disease
5. Porphyria
6. Anemia or other blood problems
Special Precautions while taking Sulphadoxine1.Renal impairment
2.Hepatic impairment
3.Blood disorders
4.Drink lots of high calorie fluids such as cranberry juice and nectars, up to 2 quarts daily, to make sure you have adequate volume of urine to prevent dehydration.Pregnancy Related InformationContraindicatedOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationUse with caution
Indications for Sulphadoxine1. Malaria along with PyrimethamineInteractions for SulphadoxineN/ATypical Dosage for SulphadoxineAdult: Initially 2 g, followed by 1 to 1.5 g weekly.
Children: 250 mg - 1 g dose is depend on body weight of children.
Schedule of SulphadoxineHStorage Requirements for SulphadoxineStore at room temperature between 15 and 30 degrees C (59 and 86 degrees F). Protect from light.Effects of Missed Dosage of SulphadoxineTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of SulphadoxineGive symptomatic and supportive treatment. Induce gastric lavage. Treat with blood products if needed.Pyrimethamine
About PyrimethamineFolic acid antagonist, Pyrimidine derivative, Antiprotozoal, Antimalarial.Mechanism of Action of PyrimethaminePyrimethamine binds to dihydrofolate reductase enzyme and inhibits the reduction of Dihydrofolic acid (DHFA) to Tetra hydrofolic acid (THFA) .This will interfere the synthesis of folic acid in malarial parasite.
Pharmacokinets of PyrimethamineAbsorption: It is well absorbed after oral administration.Distribution: It is widely distributed in the body in plasma protein bound form.Metabolism: It undergoes metabolism in the liver. Excretion: Excreted mainly through urine and also through breast milk.Onset of Action for Pyrimethamine30 - 60 minuteDuration of Action for Pyrimethamine8 - 10 hoursHalf Life of Pyrimethamine2 - 6 daysSide Effects of Pyrimethamine1.Nausea
2.Vomiting
3.Anorexia
4.Abdominal cramps
5.Thrombocytopenia
6.Megaloblastic anaemia
7.Glossitis
8.Pruritis
9.Rash
Contra-indications of Pyrimethamine1.Hypersensitivity to Pyrimethamine
2.Megaloblastic anaemia caused by folic acid deficiency
Special Precautions while taking Pyrimethamine1. Hepatic dysfunction
2. Renal impairment
3. Epilepsy
4. Patients with G -6-PD deficiency
5. Asthma
Pregnancy Related InformationContraindicated.Old Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicated.Children Related InformationUse with cautionIndications for Pyrimethamine1. Malaria (treatment and chemoprophylaxis)
2. Toxoplasmosis
3. Isosporiasis
Interactions for PyrimethamineAntifolic drugs (e.g: Methotrexate, Sulphonamides TMP-SMZ): Do not use these agents while the patient is receiving sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine.
Typical Dosage for PyrimethamineAdult: Malaria: 50 mg once daily for 2 days followed by 25 mg once in 7 days for 2 - 3 months along with a Sulphonamide
Chemoprophylaxis: 25 mg once weekly for 2 - 3 months
Schedule of PyrimethamineHStorage Requirements for PyrimethamineThe drug should be stored in cool dark place. Protect away from sun light. Keep out of the reach of childrenEffects of Missed Dosage of PyrimethamineTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of PyrimethamineGive supportive measures and treatment. Gastric lavage has to be done followed by administration of cathartic. To control seizure Barbiturates can be given to the patient.Leucovorin is given to reduce the hematological side effect.Home Delivery for Sulphadoxine + Pyrimethamine in Your City
Medicine India is just a publishing medium for medicine related information and does not provide services or sales of medicines including sulphadoxine + pyrimethamine.
However, we do publish a comprehensive directory of Pharmacies, Chemists and Druggists in cities all over India. You can use this directory to find the medicine stores in your city (or area) that provide home delivery services for sulphadoxine + pyrimethamine and other medicines and health products. Home delivery services for sulphadoxine + pyrimethamine may be free or they may cost you depending on the pharmacy and the minimum order requirements. It would be best to get this clarified while placing the order.
Please be aware that you should take sulphadoxine + pyrimethamine only if a doctor has recommended or prescribed it. Some or all pharmacies who provide a home delivery service for medicines might insist on a prescription for sulphadoxine + pyrimethamine before they complete the sale. You can get this information while placing the order for sulphadoxine + pyrimethamine with the pharmacy.
Sulphadoxine + Pyrimethamine is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for sulphadoxine + pyrimethamine might be better known than sulphadoxine + pyrimethamine itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have sulphadoxine + pyrimethamine in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for sulphadoxine + pyrimethamine.
