Amyl Nitrite Pharmacology

Amyl Nitrite

About Amyl Nitrite

Direct smooth muscle relaxant( vasodilator), Anti anginal ,antidote in cyanide poisoning.

Mechanism of Action of Amyl Nitrite

It is a direct smooth muscle relaxant. It is enzymatically denitrated in the smooth muscle cells to release the reactive free radical nitric oxide which activates cytosolic guanylyl cyclase thus increases cyclic GMP levels which causes dephosphorylation of myosin light chain kinase(MLCK) through a cyclic GMP dependent protein kinase. Reduced availability of phosphorylated (active) MLCK interferes with activation of myosin and myosin fails to interact with actin to cause contraction and consequently relaxation occurs. Elevated levels of cyclic GMP also reduce calcium entry which also contributing to relaxation. It dilates veins more than arteries because veins have greater amount of enzyme that generate nitric oxide from nitrates. It works by relaxing blood vessels and increasing the supply of blood and oxygen to the heart while reducing its workload. Cyanide poisoning: Amylnitrate causes the oxidation of hemoglobin to methemoglobin. Methemoglobin reacts with the cyanide ion to form cyano methemoglobin, which has less affinity for oxygen, thus freeing hemoglobin to react with oxygen.

Pharmacokinets of Amyl Nitrite

Absorption: It is absorbed after inhalation.

Onset of Action for Amyl Nitrite

30 seconds

Duration of Action for Amyl Nitrite

3-20 minutes

Half Life of Amyl Nitrite

N/A

Side Effects of Amyl Nitrite

1.Hypotension
2.Tachycardia
3.Palpitations
4.Syncope
5.Headache
6.Dizziness
7.Flushing
8.Nausea
9.Restlessness

Contra-indications of Amyl Nitrite

Hypersensitivity to Amyl Nitrate

Special Precautions while taking Amyl Nitrite

1.Use caution when treating poisoning with a combination of cyanide and carbon monoxide
2.Anemia
3.Glaucoma
4.Thyroid problems
5.Recent stroke
6.Heart attack
7.Head injury

Pregnancy Related Information

Contraindicated

Old Age Related Information

Use with caution

Breast Feeding Related Information

Contraindicated

Children Related Information

May be used

Indications for Amyl Nitrite

1.Cyanide poisoning
2.Angina pectoris

Interactions for Amyl Nitrite

N/A

Typical Dosage for Amyl Nitrite

Adult: 0.3 milliliter (1ampoule). Inhale the vapor through the nose for 30 - 60 seconds and repeat if necessary within 1 - 5 minutes.
Children: same as adult dose

Schedule of Amyl Nitrite

N/A

Storage Requirements for Amyl Nitrite

Keep out of the reach of children. Keep away from heat and direct light.

Effects of Missed Dosage of Amyl Nitrite

Take the missed dose as soon as notices and if it is the time for next dose continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Effects of Overdose of Amyl Nitrite

Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment.

Home Delivery for Amyl Nitrite in Your City

Medicine India is just a publishing medium for medicine related information and does not provide services or sales of medicines including amyl nitrite.

However, we do publish a comprehensive directory of Pharmacies, Chemists and Druggists in cities all over India. You can use this directory to find the medicine stores in your city (or area) that provide home delivery services for amyl nitrite and other medicines and health products. Home delivery services for amyl nitrite may be free or they may cost you depending on the pharmacy and the minimum order requirements. It would be best to get this clarified while placing the order.

Please be aware that you should take amyl nitrite only if a doctor has recommended or prescribed it. Some or all pharmacies who provide a home delivery service for medicines might insist on a prescription for amyl nitrite before they complete the sale. You can get this information while placing the order for amyl nitrite with the pharmacy.

Amyl Nitrite is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for amyl nitrite might be better known than amyl nitrite itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have amyl nitrite in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for amyl nitrite.