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- Pharmacology For Irbesartan + Hydrochlorothiazide
Irbesartan + Hydrochlorothiazide Pharmacology
Irbesartan + Hydrochlorothiazide
About Irbesartan + HydrochlorothiazideN/AMechanism of Action of Irbesartan + HydrochlorothiazideN/APharmacokinets of Irbesartan + HydrochlorothiazideN/AOnset of Action for Irbesartan + HydrochlorothiazideN/ADuration of Action for Irbesartan + HydrochlorothiazideN/AHalf Life of Irbesartan + HydrochlorothiazideN/ASide Effects of Irbesartan + HydrochlorothiazideN/AContra-indications of Irbesartan + HydrochlorothiazideN/ASpecial Precautions while taking Irbesartan + HydrochlorothiazideN/APregnancy Related InformationN/AOld Age Related InformationN/ABreast Feeding Related InformationN/AChildren Related InformationN/AIndications for Irbesartan + HydrochlorothiazideN/AInteractions for Irbesartan + HydrochlorothiazideN/ATypical Dosage for Irbesartan + HydrochlorothiazideN/ASchedule of Irbesartan + HydrochlorothiazideN/AStorage Requirements for Irbesartan + HydrochlorothiazideN/AEffects of Missed Dosage of Irbesartan + HydrochlorothiazideN/AEffects of Overdose of Irbesartan + HydrochlorothiazideN/AIrbesartan
About IrbesartanAngiotensin II Receptor Blocker, a non-peptide compound, Antihypertensive.Mechanism of Action of IrbesartanIt is a competitive antagonist of angiotensin-2 at AT-1 receptor. It decreases peripheral resistance and lowers BP in hypertensive individuals. It blocks all overt actions of angiotensin-2 such as: - 1. Vasoconstriction, 2. Central & Peripheral sympathetic stimulus, 3. Release of aldosterone and adrenaline, 4. Salt and water reabsorption, 5. Central actions like thirst, vasopressin release, and growth promoting actions on heart and blood vessels.Pharmacokinets of IrbesartanAbsorption: Rapidly and compleately absorbed orally.
Distribution: Widely distributed in to the body in a protein bound form, penetrates in to brain and crosses placental barrier.
Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver by glucuronide conjugation and oxidation. Excretion: Excreted through faeces and urine.
Onset of Action for IrbesartanWithin 1.5 to 2hoursDuration of Action for IrbesartanUp to 15hoursHalf Life of Irbesartan12 hoursSide Effects of Irbesartan1. Dizziness
2. Swelling of lips face tongue
3. Headache
4. Breathlessness
5. Chest pain
6. Edema
7. Nausea
8. Vomiting
9. Abdominal pain
10. Diarrhoea
11. Dyspepsia
12. Sore throat
13. Upper respiratory tract infections
14. Urinary tract infections
15. Weakness
16. Myalgia
17. Fetopathic
18. Precipitate renal failure in renal artery stenosis and in insufficient renal blood flow
19. Rashes
Contra-indications of Irbesartan1. Hypersensitivity to the drugSpecial Precautions while taking Irbesartan1.Renal impairment
2.Heart failure
3. Use cautiously in volume depleted and salt depleted individuals
4. Patient should be cautiously involve in driving or operating heavy machinery during therapy
5. Avoid alcohol or use with caution during therapy
Pregnancy Related InformationContraindicatedOld Age Related InformationUse with caution in reduced dosesBreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationContraindicatedIndications for Irbesartan1. HypertensionInteractions for IrbesartanNo significant interactions have been found in concomitant use with hydrochlorothiazide, digoxin, warfarin and nifedipine.Typical Dosage for Irbesartan150mg once daily. Gradually increases up to 300mg once daily depending up on the patient`s response.Schedule of IrbesartanHStorage Requirements for IrbesartanStore at room temperature at a range of 15 to 30 degree C. protects from heat and moisture and store in a tightly closed container.Effects of Missed Dosage of IrbesartanTake the missed dose as soon as remember and If it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose and take the regular dose.Effects of Overdose of IrbesartanTreatment is supportive and symptomatic. If hypotension occur kept patient in supine position and if required give I.V. infusion of normal saline.Hydrochlorothiazide
About HydrochlorothiazideThiazide derivatibve, Diuretic.Mechanism of Action of HydrochlorothiazideIt is thiazide diuretic which exerts its action by acting at site-3(central dilating segment of early distal tubule). It binds to Na+Cl- symporter and inhibits Na+Cl- symport at the luminal membrane. It has additional carbonic anhydrase inhibitory actions in proximal tubules. It increases natriuresis, kaliuresis and diuresis. It decreases Ca2+ excretion and increases Mg2+excretion. It also has minor carbonic anhydrase inhibitory action. It also causes direct arteriolar vasodilatation and decreases total peripheral resistance. The antihypertensive actions of the drug may be attributable to depletion of sodium and subsequent reduction in plasma volume and a decrease in peripheral resistance. Decrease in peripheral resistance is due to either the loss of sodium from the arteriolar wall or a direct action on the vascular bed. It is an effective drug in edema associated with congestive heart failure.
Vertigo: Diuretics are used in vertigo in assumption that vertigo is due to endolymphatic hydrops. They reduce labyrinthine fluid pressure
Pharmacokinets of HydrochlorothiazideAbsorption: It is absorbed after oral administration.
Metabolism: It is not metabolized in the body.
Excretion: Excreted unchanged in urine.
Onset of Action for Hydrochlorothiazide1 to 3 hoursDuration of Action for Hydrochlorothiazide12 to 16 hoursHalf Life of Hydrochlorothiazide5 to 15 hoursSide Effects of Hydrochlorothiazide1. Dizziness
2. Blurred vision
3. Confusion
4. Tingling fingers
5. Dry mouth
6. Nausea
7. Diarrhoea
8. Constipation
9. Vomiting
10. Weakness
11. Hypokalaemia
12. Hyponatraemia
13. Hyperuricaemia
14. Elevated levels of glucose, calcium and lipids
15. Gastro intestinal disturbances
16. Polyuria
17. Electrolyte imbalance
18. Jaundice
19. Rashes
20. Photosensitivity
21. Fever
22. Itching
23. Myalgia
24. Muscle cramps
25. Arthralgia
26. Blood dyscrasias
27. Ototoxicity
Contra-indications of Hydrochlorothiazide1. Hyper uricaemia
2. Hyper calcaemia
3. Renal impairment
4. Hepatic impairment
5. Anuria
6. Hypersensitivity to the drug
7. Hyper sensitivity to sulfonamides
8. Fluid and electrolyte imbalance
Special Precautions while taking Hydrochlorothiazide1. Gout
2. Diabetes mellitus
3. Renal impairment
4. Hepatic impairment
5. Monitor and correct Fluid and electrolyte imbalance
6. Hyper parathyroidism
7. Cirrhosis
Pregnancy Related InformationContraindicatedOld Age Related InformationUse with cautionBreast Feeding Related InformationContraindicatedChildren Related InformationMay be usedIndications for Hydrochlorothiazide1. Hypertension
2. Oedema associated with heart failure
3. Oedema due to renal and hepatic diseases
4. Diabetes insipidus
5. Idiopathic hypercalciurea.
6. Vertigo
Interactions for HydrochlorothiazideCholestyramine & Colestipol: decrease absorption of hydrochlorothiazide.
Diazoxide: Additive action - may cause hyperglycemia, hyperuricaemia and hypotension.
Digitalis: Diuretics induced hypokalaemia may precipitate digitalis toxicity.
Lithium: Hydrochlorothiazide potentiates therapeutic and toxic effects by increasing its renal excretion.
Frusemide: Synergy leading to profound diuresis and greater than predicted electrolyte loss.
Non-depolarizing muscle relaxants: Diuretics induced hypokalaemia enhances efficacy.
Sulfonylureas: Efficacy decreased due to hydrochlorothiazide induced glucose intolerance.
Chlorpropamide: Hypokalaemia.
Propantheline: Bioavailability of hydrochlorothiazide increased.
Metoclopramide: Bioavailability of hydrochlorothiazide decreased.
NSAIDs: Natriuretic effect of hydrochlorothiazide decreased.
Typical Dosage for HydrochlorothiazideAdults:
Hypertension: 25mg once daily or in divided doses. Increased to 50mg if required; depending up on the patient`s response.
Children: 1mg/kg single daily dose.
Oedema:
Adults:
Starts with 25 to 50mg. Increased the dose until desired response is obtained.
Maximum dose: 200mg/day
Maintenance dosage: 25 to 100mg daily or on alternate days.
Children: 1mg/kg single daily dose or 1 to 3mg/kg/day in two divided doses
Schedule of HydrochlorothiazideGStorage Requirements for HydrochlorothiazideStore at room temperature in a well closed container and protected from light.Effects of Missed Dosage of HydrochlorothiazideTake the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose.Continue the regular schedule.Do not double the dose.Effects of Overdose of HydrochlorothiazideTreatment is supportive and symptomatic. Remove drug from the body by induced emesis and gastric lavage. Monitor and assist respiratory, cardiovascular, and renal function as indicated. Monitor and support fluid and electrolyte balance.Home Delivery for Irbesartan + Hydrochlorothiazide in Your City
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Irbesartan + Hydrochlorothiazide is a generic medicine name and there are several brands available for it. Some of the brands for irbesartan + hydrochlorothiazide might be better known than irbesartan + hydrochlorothiazide itself. If the pharmacy that's willing to deliver medicines to your home doesn't have irbesartan + hydrochlorothiazide in stock, you can ask for one of the branded alternatives for irbesartan + hydrochlorothiazide.
