Telmisartan + Ramipril Pharmacology

Telmisartan + Ramipril

About Telmisartan + Ramipril
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Mechanism of Action of Telmisartan + Ramipril
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Pharmacokinets of Telmisartan + Ramipril
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Onset of Action for Telmisartan + Ramipril
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Duration of Action for Telmisartan + Ramipril
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Half Life of Telmisartan + Ramipril
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Side Effects of Telmisartan + Ramipril
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Contra-indications of Telmisartan + Ramipril
N/A
Special Precautions while taking Telmisartan + Ramipril
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Pregnancy Related Information
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Old Age Related Information
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Breast Feeding Related Information
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Children Related Information
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Indications for Telmisartan + Ramipril
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Interactions for Telmisartan + Ramipril
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Typical Dosage for Telmisartan + Ramipril
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Schedule of Telmisartan + Ramipril
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Storage Requirements for Telmisartan + Ramipril
N/A
Effects of Missed Dosage of Telmisartan + Ramipril
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Effects of Overdose of Telmisartan + Ramipril
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Telmisartan

About Telmisartan
Angiotensin II Receptor antagonist, Antihypertensive.
Mechanism of Action of Telmisartan
It is a competitive antagonist of angiotensin-2 at AT-1 receptor. It decreases peripheral resistance and lowers BP in hypertensive individuals. It blocks all overt actions of angiotensin-2 such as: - 1. Vasoconstriction, 2. Central & Peripheral sympathetic stimulus, 3. Release of aldosterone and adrenaline, 4. Salt and water reabsorption, 5. Central actions like thirst, vasopressin release, and growth promoting actions on heart and blood vessels.
Pharmacokinets of Telmisartan
Absorption: Absorbed orally, bioavailability is about 42% Distribution: It is distributed in to the body in a highly protein bound form, Metabolism: Metabolized by glucuronide conjugation in to an inactive metabolite. Excretion: Excreted mainly through faeces and rest is excreted through urine.
Onset of Action for Telmisartan
N/A
Duration of Action for Telmisartan
24 hours
Half Life of Telmisartan
24 hours
Side Effects of Telmisartan
1.Dizziness
2.Headache
3.Coughing
4.Edema
5.Nausea
6.Abdominal pain
7.Diarrhoea
8.Dyspepsia
9.Pharyngitis
10.Sinusitis
11.Upper respiratory tract infections
12.Urinary tract infections
13.Elevated liver enzymes
14.Weakness
15.Chest pain
16.Myalgia
17.Back pain
18.Neutropenia
19.Fetopathic
20.Precipitate renal failure in renal artery stenosis, and in insufficient renal blood flow
21.Urticaria
22.Rashes
23.Hyperkalemia

Contra-indications of Telmisartan
Hypersensitivity to the drug
Special Precautions while taking Telmisartan
1.Renal impairment
2.Hepatic impairment
3.Heart failure
4.Aortic or mitral valve stenosis
5.Obstructive cardiomyopathy
6.Use cautiously in volume depleted and salt depleted individuals, these conditions should be corrected before starting the therapy
7.Patient should be cautiously involve in driving or operating heavy machinery during therapy
8.Avoid alcohol or use with caution during therapy
9.Use with caution in hyperkalemia and along with potassium sparing diuretics

Pregnancy Related Information
Contraindicated
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution
Breast Feeding Related Information
Contraindicated
Children Related Information
Contraindicated
Indications for Telmisartan
1.Hypertension
Interactions for Telmisartan
N/A
Typical Dosage for Telmisartan
40mg once daily
Maintenance dose: 20 to 80mg once daily

Schedule of Telmisartan
H
Storage Requirements for Telmisartan
Store at room temperature at a range of 15 to 30 degree C. protects from direct heat and light and store in a tightly closed container. Do not remove blisters until just before taking tablets


Effects of Missed Dosage of Telmisartan
Take the missed dose as soon as remember; if it is the time of next dose then skip the missed dose and take the regular dose
Effects of Overdose of Telmisartan
Treatment is supportive and symptomatic. If hypotension occur kept patient in supine position and if required give I.V. infusion of normal saline

Ramipril

About Ramipril
Angiotensin - converting enzyme inhibitor, Antihypertensive.
Mechanism of Action of Ramipril
It is a prodrug and converted in to active Ramiprilat; which is an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor prevents the conversion of angiotensin-1 to angiotensin-2 and abolishes the pressor actions of angiotensin. It decreases aldosterone secretion, sodium and water retention, and total peripheral resistance, leads to fall in BP. The arterioles dilate and the compliance of larger arteries is increased. Both systolic and diastolic BP is lowered. The drug does not compromise renal, cerebral, and coronary blood flow. The drug also increases plasma kinin levels and potentiate the hypotensive action of exogenously administered bradykinin. It is used for treatment of systolic heart failure, because it improves symptoms, decrease mortality and reduce ventricular hypertrophy. It reduces both preload and after load and thus increasing cardiac out put in patients with heart failure.
Pharmacokinets of Ramipril
Absorption: Absorbed orally up to 60%, Distribution: Widely distributed in the tissues, Metabolism: Metabolized in the body in to active metabolite, Ramiprilat. Excretion: Excreted mainly through urine and also excreted through faeces.
Onset of Action for Ramipril
1 to 2 hours
Duration of Action for Ramipril
24 hours
Half Life of Ramipril
8 to 48 hours
Side Effects of Ramipril
1.Cough
2.Angioedema
3.Hypotension
4.Chest pain
5.Hyperkalemia
6.Rashes
7.Urticaria
8.Swelling of lips, mouth, nose, and larynx
9.Fetopathic in later half of pregnancy
10.Headache
11.Diarrhoea
12.Fatigue
13.Dizziness
14.Nausea
15.Neutropenia
16.Thrombocytopenia
17.Acute renal failure is precipitated in renal artery stenosis


Contra-indications of Ramipril
1.Hypersensitivity to the drug
2.Renal artery stenosis
3.Aortic stenosis
4.Coarctation of aorta

Special Precautions while taking Ramipril
1.Renal impairment
2.Hepatic impairment
3.Use cautiously in patient at high risk of cardiogenic shock, severe heart failure etc
4.Anaesthesia and surgery

Pregnancy Related Information
Contraindicated
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution
Breast Feeding Related Information
Contraindicated
Children Related Information
Contraindicated
Indications for Ramipril
1.Hypertension
2.Heart failure

Interactions for Ramipril
Antacids: May decrease bioavailability of ramipril.
Phenothiazines: Pharmacologic effects enhanced by phenothiazines.
Allupurinol: Higher risk of hypersensitivity reactions.
Digoxin: Increases plasma digoxin levels.
Potassium preparations & Potassium sparing diuretics: Hyperkalaemia and increased risk of renal failure.
Lithium: Toxicity due to increased serum concentration of lithium.
Typical Dosage for Ramipril
Starts with 1.25mg once daily. Increases the dose to 2.5 to 5mg once daily; depending on patient`s response.
Maximum dose: 10mg once daily.
In CHF patients starts the dosage with 1.5mg once daily dosage and gradually increases at 2 to3 weeks` intervals to usual dosage.

Schedule of Ramipril
H
Storage Requirements for Ramipril
Store at a temperature range of 15 to 30 degree C. in a well closed container and protect from moisture.






Effects of Missed Dosage of Ramipril
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Ramipril
Treatment is supportive and symptomatic. To remove drug from the body perform induced emesis and gastric lavage. Administer activated charcoal to reduce absorption. In severe cases haemodialysis is considered if required. Treatment includes I.V. infusion of normal saline solution.

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