Benfotiamine + Folic Acid + Mecobalamin + Pregabalin + Vit B6 Pharmacology

Benfotiamine + Folic Acid + Mecobalamin + Pregabalin + Vit B6

About Benfotiamine + Folic Acid + Mecobalamin + Pregabalin + Vit B6
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Mechanism of Action of Benfotiamine + Folic Acid + Mecobalamin + Pregabalin + Vit B6
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Pharmacokinets of Benfotiamine + Folic Acid + Mecobalamin + Pregabalin + Vit B6
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Onset of Action for Benfotiamine + Folic Acid + Mecobalamin + Pregabalin + Vit B6
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Duration of Action for Benfotiamine + Folic Acid + Mecobalamin + Pregabalin + Vit B6
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Half Life of Benfotiamine + Folic Acid + Mecobalamin + Pregabalin + Vit B6
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Side Effects of Benfotiamine + Folic Acid + Mecobalamin + Pregabalin + Vit B6
N/A
Contra-indications of Benfotiamine + Folic Acid + Mecobalamin + Pregabalin + Vit B6
N/A
Special Precautions while taking Benfotiamine + Folic Acid + Mecobalamin + Pregabalin + Vit B6
N/A
Pregnancy Related Information
Contraindicated
Old Age Related Information
N/A
Breast Feeding Related Information
Contraindicated
Children Related Information
N/A
Indications for Benfotiamine + Folic Acid + Mecobalamin + Pregabalin + Vit B6
1.Management of diabetic neuropathy ,diabetic nephropathy,diabetic retinopathy
2.Post therapeutic neuralgia
Interactions for Benfotiamine + Folic Acid + Mecobalamin + Pregabalin + Vit B6
N/A
Typical Dosage for Benfotiamine + Folic Acid + Mecobalamin + Pregabalin + Vit B6
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Schedule of Benfotiamine + Folic Acid + Mecobalamin + Pregabalin + Vit B6
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Storage Requirements for Benfotiamine + Folic Acid + Mecobalamin + Pregabalin + Vit B6
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Effects of Missed Dosage of Benfotiamine + Folic Acid + Mecobalamin + Pregabalin + Vit B6
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Effects of Overdose of Benfotiamine + Folic Acid + Mecobalamin + Pregabalin + Vit B6
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Benfotiamine

About Benfotiamine
Synthetic S-acyl derivative of thiamine (vitamine B1), Antioxidant ,anti-AGE(Advanced glycation end product) supplement, Treating Diabetic Complications.
Mechanism of Action of Benfotiamine
N/A
Pharmacokinets of Benfotiamine
N/A
Onset of Action for Benfotiamine
N/A
Duration of Action for Benfotiamine
N/A
Half Life of Benfotiamine
N/A
Side Effects of Benfotiamine
N/A
Contra-indications of Benfotiamine
N/A
Special Precautions while taking Benfotiamine
N/A
Pregnancy Related Information
N/A
Old Age Related Information
N/A
Breast Feeding Related Information
N/A
Children Related Information
N/A
Indications for Benfotiamine
1.Management of diabetic neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy
2.Beri Beri
3.Wenicke-korsakoff syndrome
Interactions for Benfotiamine
N/A
Typical Dosage for Benfotiamine
N/A
Schedule of Benfotiamine
N/A
Storage Requirements for Benfotiamine
N/A
Effects of Missed Dosage of Benfotiamine
N/A
Effects of Overdose of Benfotiamine
N/A

Folic Acid

About Folic Acid
Dietary supplement, Folate derivative( B9 ), Water Soluble Vitamin.
Mechanism of Action of Folic Acid
Folic acid reduced by enzymes folate reductase and dihydrofolate reductase and forms dihydrofolic acid tetrahydrofolic acid respectively. Tetrahydrofolic acid acts as a coenzyme which mediates a number of one carbon transfer reactions by carrying a methyl group as an adduct. It involves a number of reactions such as 1).conversion of homocysteine to methionine. 2).synthesis of thymidylate which is an essential constituent of DNA from methylene-tetrahydrofolic acid. 3). Conversion of serine to glycine by tetrahydrofolic acid and forms methylene-tetrahydrofolic acid. 4).to introduce carbon units at position 2 and 8 during de novo purine synthesis requires formyl-tetrahydrofolic acid and methenyl-tetrahydrofolic acid.5).generation and utilization of "formate pool". 6).For mediating formino group transfer in histidine metabolism. Folic acid is required to maintain normal erythropoiesis and nucleoprotein synthesis.
Pharmacokinets of Folic Acid
Absorption: Well absorbed orally
Distribution: Widely distributed in the body and highest concentration is seen in liver. It appears in the CSF and breast milk
Metabolism: Metabolized in to N-methyl tetrahydrofolic acid in liver
Excretion: Extra drug is excreted unchanged in urine. A small portion of folate is lost by a combination of urinary and fecal excretion and oxidative cleavage of molecule.
Onset of Action for Folic Acid
Oral: 20 to 30minutes
I.V.: 5 minutes
I.M.:10 to 20minutes
Duration of Action for Folic Acid
Oral: 3 to 6 hours
I.V.:3 to 6minutes
I.M.:3 to 6hours
Half Life of Folic Acid
N/A
Side Effects of Folic Acid
N/A
Contra-indications of Folic Acid
N/A
Special Precautions while taking Folic Acid
1. In patients with undiagnosed anaemia; because it may mask pernicious anaemia
2. In pernicious anaemia and other megaloblastic where vitamin B12 is deficient
Pregnancy Related Information
May be used
Old Age Related Information
May be used
Breast Feeding Related Information
May be used
Children Related Information
May be used
Indications for Folic Acid
1. Megaloblastic anaemia
2. Folic acid deficiency
3. Anaemias of pregnancy
4. Nutritional anaemia
5. Alcoholism
6. Tropical sprue
7. Non tropical sprue
Interactions for Folic Acid
1. Hypersensitivity reactions with injection form
2. Bronchospasm
Typical Dosage for Folic Acid
Oral: 5mg 1 to 4 times daily; depending up on the severity of deficiency.
Maintenance dosage: Half of the therapeutic dosage.
Children: 2.5 to 5mg 1 to 2 times daily.
Schedule of Folic Acid
C1 (Oral)
C (Parenteral)
Storage Requirements for Folic Acid
Store at controlled room temperature at a range of 15 to 25 degree C in a well closed container. Protect from excess heat, light and moisture.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Folic Acid
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Folic Acid
Relatively non toxic. Provide symptomatic treatment and supportive measures.

Mecobalamin

About Mecobalamin
Water soluble, Form of Vitamin B12
Mechanism of Action of Mecobalamin
Mecobalamin is the neurologically active form of vitamin B12 and occurs as a water-soluble vitamin in the body. It is a cofactor in the enzyme methionine synthase, which functions to transfer methyl groups for the regeneration of methionine from homocysteine. In anaemia, it increases erythrocyte production by promoting nucleic acid synthesis in the bone marrow and by promoting maturation and division of erythrocytes.
Pharmacokinets of Mecobalamin
Absorption: Absorbed after oral, sublingual, injection
Excretion: Excretion via urine
Onset of Action for Mecobalamin
N/A
Duration of Action for Mecobalamin
N/A
Half Life of Mecobalamin
N/A
Side Effects of Mecobalamin
1.Oral: Anorexia, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea
2.Parenteral: Rash, headache, hot sensation, diaphoresis and pain/induration at IM inj site
Contra-indications of Mecobalamin
N/A
Special Precautions while taking Mecobalamin
N/A
Pregnancy Related Information
May be used
Old Age Related Information
May be used
Breast Feeding Related Information
May be used
Children Related Information
N/A
Indications for Mecobalamin
1.Peripheral neuropathies
2.Megaloblastic anaemia
Interactions for Mecobalamin
1.Decreased GI tract absorption with neomycin, aminosalicylic acid, H2-blockers and colchicines
2.Reduced serum concentrations with oral contraceptives
3.Reduced effects in anaemia with parenteral chloramphenicol
Typical Dosage for Mecobalamin
Peripheral neuropathies
Oral: Adult: 1500 mcg/day in 3 divided doses
Parenteral: 500 mcg daily IM/IV 3 times/wk

Megaloblastic anaemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency
Parenteral: Adult: 500 mcg daily IM/IV 3 times/wk. Maintenance dose: After about 2 mth of therapy, reduce dose to single admin of 500 mcg every 1-3 mth.
Schedule of Mecobalamin
N/A
Storage Requirements for Mecobalamin
Oral: Store at room temperature. Protect from moisture and light.
Parenteral: Store at room temperature. Do not expose to direct light.


Effects of Missed Dosage of Mecobalamin
N/A
Effects of Overdose of Mecobalamin
N/A

Pregabalin

About Pregabalin
A GABA agonist, Anticonvulsant.
Mechanism of Action of Pregabalin
Pregabalin is a GABA neurotransmitter analog. It produces its action by modulating calcium channels and also reduces the release of neurotransmitters such as Glutamate, Norepinephrine, Serotonin, Dopamine and Substance P.
Pharmacokinets of Pregabalin
Absorption: Pregabalin is rapidly absorbed after oral doses.Pregabalin is not bound to plasma proteins and undergoes negligible metabolism.Excretion: It is excreted mainly in urine.
Onset of Action for Pregabalin
N/A
Duration of Action for Pregabalin
N/A
Half Life of Pregabalin
6-7 hours
Side Effects of Pregabalin
1.Dizziness
2.Somnolence
3.Blurred vision
4.Diplopia
5.Increased appetite
6.Weight gain
7.Dry mouth
8.Constipation
9.Vomiting
10.Flatulence
11.Euphoria
12.Confusion
13.Reduced libido
14.Erectile dysfunction
15.Irritability
16.Vertigo
17.Ataxia
18.Tremor
19.Dysarthria
20.Paraesthesia
21.Fatigue
22.Oedema
23.Disturbances of attention, memory, coordination, and gait also occur frequently
Contra-indications of Pregabalin
1.Hypersensitivity to Pregabalin
Special Precautions while taking Pregabalin
1.Renal impairment
2.Driving vehicles, operating machines and people involving any other dangerous activities
Pregnancy Related Information
Contraindicated
Old Age Related Information
Use with caution
Breast Feeding Related Information
Contraindicated
Children Related Information
N/A
Indications for Pregabalin
1.Epilepsy
2.Generalised anxiety disorder
3.Neuropathic pain
Interactions for Pregabalin
N/A
Typical Dosage for Pregabalin
150- 300mg / day in 2 divided doses
Schedule of Pregabalin
N/A
Storage Requirements for Pregabalin
Store it at 15 -25 degree C in a tightly closed container .Protect away from heat and light. Keep out of the reach of children.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Pregabalin
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time to take the next dose then skip the missed dose and do not double the dose
Effects of Overdose of Pregabalin
Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment.

Vit B6

About Vit B6
Physiological functions: It is involved as a coenzyme (Pyridoxal phosphate) in metabolism of tryptophan, in several metabolic transformations of amino acids including transamination, decarboxylation & racemization.
Deficiency symptoms: Peripheral neuritis, seizures, stomatitis, glossitis, anaemia, seborrhea like lesions.
Mechanism of Action of Vit B6
Vitamin B6 is a collective term for Pyridoxine, Pyridoxal, Pyridoxamine and their phosphorylated derivatives such as Pyridoxine phosphate, Pyridoxal phosphate and Pyridoxamine derivatives respectively. Vitamin B6 is essential for the metabolism of amino acid, glycogen and fatty acids, for nerve functions, for the formation of red blood cells and also helps the skin healthy. Vitamin B6 is also used for the synthesis of nucleic acid, Haemoglobin, Sphingomyelin, other Sphingolipids, Serotonin, Dopamine, Noradrenaline and GABA.
Pharmacokinets of Vit B6
Absorption: Vitamin B6 is readily absorbed after oral administration.
Distribution: It is mainly distributed in the body in protein bound form. It is stored primarily in the liver and to a lesser extent muscle and brain.
Metabolism: It is metabolised in the liver
Onset of Action for Vit B6
N/A
Duration of Action for Vit B6
N/A
Half Life of Vit B6
15-20 days
Side Effects of Vit B6
1. Neuropathy
2. Unstable gait
3. Drowsiness
4. Perioral numbness
5. Paresthesia
6. Numbness of feet
7. Somnolence
8. Sensory neuropathy
9. Ataxia
Contra-indications of Vit B6
1. Hypersensitivity to Vitamin B6
Special Precautions while taking Vit B6
N/A
Pregnancy Related Information
May be used
Old Age Related Information
May be used
Breast Feeding Related Information
Use with caution
Children Related Information
Use with caution
NEONATES: Contraindicated
Indications for Vit B6
1. Vitamin B6 deficiency including inadequate diet and drug induced causes
2. Neuropathy
3. Premenstrual syndrome
4. Hyperoxaluria type 1
5. Metabolic disorder
6. Isoniazid poisoning
Interactions for Vit B6
Cycloserine, Hydralazine, Isoniazide, Oral contraceptive, Penicillamine: Increase Pyridoxine requirement.
Levodopa: Pyridoxine reverses the therapeutic effect of Levodopa.
Phenobarbital, Phenytoin: Pyridoxine decreases serum level of these anticonvulsants.
Typical Dosage for Vit B6
Adult: 10 - 20 mg / day
Dietary deficiency: 2.5 -10 mg / day for effective therapeutic response is obtained.
Maintenance dose: 2 - 5 mg / day for several weeks.
Drug induced deficiency: 100 - 200 mg / day for 3 weeks.
Maintenance dose: 25 - 100 mg / day
Neuropathy: 50 - 200 mg /day
Premenstrual syndrome: 40 - 500 mg / day
Hyperoxaluria type 1: 25 - 300 mg / day
Metabolic disorder: 100-500 mg /day.
Isoniazid poisoning: Initial dose: 1 - 4 g as IV administration, then 1 g IM every 30 minute until Pyridoxine dose is equal to the Isoniazid dose has been given.
Schedule of Vit B6
N/A
Storage Requirements for Vit B6
Store it at 15 - 30 degree C. Protect from moisture and heat.
Effects of Missed Dosage of Vit B6
Take the missed dose as soon as noticed and if it is the time for next dose then skip the missed dose. Continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Effects of Overdose of Vit B6
Give supportive measures and symptomatic treatment. The signs of Pyridoxine overdose can be resolved by discontinuation (withdrawal) of Pyridoxine.

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